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2021, Número 4

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Enf Infec Microbiol 2021; 41 (4)


¿Se transmite el SARS-COV-2 por vía vertical?

García FW, González KG, López MJ

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 36
Paginas: 157-161
Archivo PDF: 166.52 Kb.


RESUMEN

Hasta la fecha, en todo el mundo más de 250 millones de personas han sido diagnosticadas de COVID-19, y de ellas, han fallecido alrededor de cinco millones a causa de sus complicaciones. La evidencia acumulada apoya que el COVID-19 no es simplemente una enfermedad respiratoria per se, sino que potencialmente afecta a otros órganos, incluida la placenta. Antes de la identificación del SARS-COV se conocía que otros coronavirus eran capaces de producir enfermedades respiratorias agudas graves en humanos, el SARS-COV y el MERS-COV, causantes del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS) y del síndrome respiratorio del Medio Oriente (MERS), respectivamente. Diversos estudios han reportado una relación entre el COVID-19 y el parto prematuro, bajo peso al nacer y aumento en la incidencia de internaciones en las unidades de cuidados intensivos. Este tema sigue siendo muy controversial debido a la gran heterogeneidad de los diseños de dichos estudios. Una de las interrogantes más acuciantes sobre los efectos del COVID-19 en mujeres embarazadas se relaciona con la transmisión materno-fetal del virus. Varios autores, basados en pruebas moleculares, serológicas e histopatológicas en feto-placenta y tejidos neonatales, sugieren que la trasmisión vertical es posible, sin embargo, no hay evidencia contundente de que el SARS-COV-2 pueda transmitirse al feto en el embarazo o durante el parto.


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