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2022, Número 1

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Salud Mental 2022; 45 (1)


Assessing autism with DSM-IV and DSM-5 criteria using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS)

Flores-Rodríguez Y, Roldán Ceballos O, Albores-Gallo L

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 45
Paginas: 3-10
Archivo PDF: 212.02 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción. La Escala de Evaluación del Autismo Infantil (CARS) es un instrumento observacional para evaluar el autismo. Es la herramienta más utilizada para el diagnóstico del autismo en México. Objetivo. Estudiar sus propiedades psicométricas en la población Mexicana utilizando los criterios del DSM-IV y del DSM-5. Método. El estudio fue observacional y transversal. Los participantes (N = 137), 78.8%, fueron del sexo masculino, con un rango de edad de entre 2 y 18 años, media = 8.5. Los padres completaron el M-CHAT, el ABC, el ADI-R, y la entrevista clínica semiestructurada según criterios del DSM-IV. Inferimos el diagnóstico según los criterios del DSM-5 seleccionando algunos reactivos sensoriales atípicos de la escala ABC. Resultados. La consistencia interna del total de ítems del CARS fue α = .88. La validez concurrente entre el CARS y el diagnóstico según el DSM-IV con el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman fue rs = .62. La validez convergente con el ADI-R mostró correlaciones moderadas, rs = .32 a .61, con el DSM-IV k = .33 y el DSM-5 k = .36. La concordancia con el DSM-IV y el DSM-5 fue de 71% y 84.5%; la sensibilidad fue de 58.1% y 46-7%; y la especificidad de 76.6% y 90.5%, respectivamente. El análisis discriminante mostró que el CARS clasificó correctamente al 97% de los niños con autismo, al 70% con trastornos generalizados del desarrollo no especificados de otra manera (PDD-NOS) y al 12.5% con el síndrome de Asperger. Discusión y conclusión. La versión mexicana del CARS es un instrumento válido y confiable para el diagnóstico del autismo en niños y adolescentes mexicanos.


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