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2021, Número 1

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Rev Cubana Invest Bioméd 2021; 40 (1)


Infección por COVID-19 y accidente cerebrovascular

González-García S, Garófalo-Gomez N, González-Quevedo A, Mezquia PN

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 50
Paginas: 1-13
Archivo PDF: 467.46 Kb.


RESUMEN

La actual pandemia de COVID-19 causada por el virus SARS-CoV-2, se caracteriza por una alta morbilidad y mortalidad. Algunos estudios han reportado que la frecuencia de ictus en pacientes infectados con el virus oscila entre un 5-20 %. A pesar de estas cifras alarmantes, las vías por las cuales el virus llega al sistema nervioso central y los mecanismos fisiopatológicos por los que puede ocurrir un ictus en estos pacientes no han sido totalmente esclarecidos. Numerosos estudios han demostrado que la infección por SARS-CoV-2 está asociada a un estado protrombótico, capaz de causar un tromboembolismo arterial y venoso. Además, se ha reportado una respuesta inflamatoria exacerbada, con reclutamiento de células sanguíneas y una secreción desproporcionada de citoquinas proinflamatorias. También la hipoxia y fenómenos cardioembólicos han sido propuestos como posibles mecanismos. Es esencial definir con exactitud los mecanismos fisiopatológicos que vincula la infección por SARS-CoV-2 con la ocurrencia del ictus, con la finalidad de aplicar tratamientos más específicos y evitar futuras complicaciones.


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