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Archivos de Medicina (Manizales)

2021, Número 2

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Arch Med 2021; 21 (2)


Melatonina, leptina, resistencia a la insulina e ingesta dietética durante la rotación laboral de trabajadores por turnos

Peñaranda N, Aránzalez Luz-Helena, Mockus I

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 72
Paginas: 370-385
Archivo PDF: 746.83 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo: determinar cambios y correlaciones de niveles salivales de melatonina, ingesta de alimentos, concentraciones séricas de leptina, insulina, glucosa e índice de resistencia a insulina después de siete noches de trabajo nocturno. Se han re-gistrado mayores riesgos de padecer obesidad y diabetes en los trabajadores por turnos, así como, variaciones en las concentraciones de melatonina. Materiales y métodos: estudio exploratorio de tipo descriptivo comparativo; participaron diez hombres, vigilantes de seguridad quienes laboraban turnos diurnos de 6 a.m. a 3 p.m. y nocturnos de 10 p.m. a 6 a.m. Se determinaron variables antropométricas. Durante el último turno diurno y al finalizar el último turno nocturno se estimó la in-gesta de alimentos y para medir los diferentes biomarcadores se tomaron muestras de sangre y saliva a las 7 a.m., y a continuación los sujetos recolectaron muestras de saliva a la 1 p.m., 9 p.m. y 2 a.m. Resultados: después de siete noches de trabajo, los niveles de melatonina a la 1 pm, glucemia y leptina fueron mayores, asimismo, el consumo de calorías totales aumentó a expensas de proteínas y carbohidratos. La correlación negativa entre melatonina e insulinorresistencia no fue estadística-mente significativa. Conclusiones: se confirmaron efectos del turno nocturno sobre los niveles de melatonina al día siguiente de culminada la rotación laboral. Durante el turno nocturno, los trabajadores consumieron más calorías y presentaron mayor glucemia, situaciones que incrementan la susceptibilidad a desarrollar obesidad y diabetes. Asimismo, la leptina sérica aumentó, lo que puede acrecentar el riesgo de padecer síndrome metabólico.


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