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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2022, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2022; 25 (1)


Uso de la inteligencia artificial en la investigación para el reposicionamiento de fármacos

Olascoaga-Del Angel KS, Konigsberg-Fainstein M, Pérez-Villanueva J, López Díaz-Guerrero NE

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 107
Paginas: 1-17
Archivo PDF: 635.07 Kb.


RESUMEN

El desarrollo de algoritmos para su utilización en la inteligencia artificial y la disponibilidad masiva de datos biomédicos han impulsado y acelerado la investigación, con el resultado de descubrimientos y de tratamientos novedosos utilizando fármacos patentados y aprobados para el tratamiento de diferentes enfermedades. Este proceso se conoce como reposicionamiento de fármacos (REFA), y puede ser abordado por una rama de la inteligencia artificial (IA) conocida como aprendizaje automático (AA). El aprendizaje automático se basa en un conjunto de algoritmos que, combinados con técnicas computacionales bien establecidas en el campo del descubrimiento de fármacos, han sido capaces de dar lugar, con una alta eficacia, a nuevas propiedades y relaciones farmacológicas anteriormente desconocidas. Así, se han identificado nuevos blancos y tratamientos potenciales contra diversos padecimientos como el cáncer, y las enfermedades neurodegenerativas e infecciosas, entre otras. El objetivo de este trabajo de revisión es contribuir a la literatura en español sobre el uso de la inteligencia artificial y el aprendizaje de máquina en la investigación para el reposicionamiento de fármacos.


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