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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2022, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2022; 25 (1)


La oxidasa alterna, una metaloproteína conservada en hongos

Romero-Aguilar L, Luqueño-Bocardo OI, Guerra-Sánchez G, Matus-Ortega G, Pardo JP

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 48
Paginas: 1-11
Archivo PDF: 805.71 Kb.


RESUMEN

La oxidasa alterna (AOX) es una metaloproteína monotópica que se encuentra unida a la cara interna de la membrana interna mitocondrial. Esta enzima cataliza la transferencia de electrones del ubiquinol al oxígeno con formación de agua como uno de los productos. Cuando la vía citocrómica se inhibe por la presencia de cianuro u otros agentes xenobióticos, la AOX permite el flujo de electrones del NADH al oxígeno y, por tanto, la actividad catabólica y anabólica del ciclo de Krebs. La AOX se encuentra en plantas, hongos, algunos protistas y metazoarios primitivos y se le ha atribuido la capacidad de conferir osmoprotección y resistencia al estrés oxidativo en las células. En esta revisión, se analiza la estructura de la enzima, se aborda su participación en la respuesta ante el estrés osmótico y oxidativo en hongos, su influencia en la síntesis de ATP y la regulación de su expresión genética.


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