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Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2024, Número 1

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salud publica mex 2024; 66 (1)


Omicron en México: protección vacunal contra la progresión a Covid-19 grave en trabajadores infectados por SARS-CoV-2

Hernández-Ávila M, Vieyra-Romero WI, Gutiérrez-Díaz H, Zepeda-Tello R, Alpuche-Aranda C, Hernández-Ávila JE, Barros-Sierra D, Tamayo-Ortiz M, Duque-Molina C, Barrientos-Gutiérrez T, Carnalla-Cortés M, Dyer-Leal D, López-Ridaura R, López Gatell-Ramírez H

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 38
Paginas: 85-94
Archivo PDF: 403.53 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo. Evaluar la protección de siete vacunas Covid-19 contra la progresión de la enfermedad (PE) utilizando datos de trabajadores del sector privado durante el pico de transmisión Omicron del 2 de enero al 5 de marzo de 2022 en México. Material y métodos. Cohorte administrativa retrospectiva, analizando PE (hospitalización o muerte por enfermedad respiratoria) entre trabajadores que registraron una incapacidad temporal de trabajo por enfermedad respiratoria y fueron positivos a SARS-CoV-2. Se estimaron razones de riesgo (RRadj) mediante modelos de regresión de Poisson ajustados. Resultados. Los individuos vacunados tuvieron menor riesgo de hospitalización y muerte en comparación con los no vacunados. Los RRadj globales de hospitalización y muerte fueron 0.36 (IC95% 0.32,0.41) y 0.24 (0.17,0.33), respectivamente. Por vacuna, RRadj de hospitalización: Pfizer BioNTech 0.27 (IC95% 0.22,0.33), Moderna 0.29 (IC95% 0.15,0.57), Sinovac 0.32 (IC95% 0.25,0.41), AstraZeneca 0.39 (IC95% 0.34,0.46), Sputnik 0.39 (IC95% 0.28,0.53), CanSino 0.41 (IC95% 0.24,0.7), Janssen 0.53 (IC95% 0.39,0.72). RRadj de muerte: Pfizer BioNTech 0.12 (IC95% 0.07,0.19), Sputnik 0.15 (IC95% 0.06,0.38), Sinovac 0.29 (IC95% 0.16,0.53), AstraZeneca 0.30 (IC95% 0.20,0.44), CanSino 0.38 (IC95% 0.1,1.4), Janssen 0.50 (IC95% 0.26,0.97). Conclusión. Las vacunas Covid-19 redujeron significativamente el riesgo de enfermedad grave durante el pico de transmisión Omicron en México.


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