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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2023, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2023; 26 (1)


Biología sintética: Sobre el desarrollo de circuitos genéticos y su aplicación en biociencias y en biocombustibles

Carrillo-Martínez JC, Díaz-Zaragoza M, Oceguera-Contreras E, Ortiz-Torres G

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 99
Paginas: 1-16
Archivo PDF: 537.11 Kb.


RESUMEN

La biología sintética tiene como objetivo desarrollar células con funciones totalmente nuevas y que no se encuentran en su naturaleza. Estas funciones se manifiestan a través de rutas creadas a partir de genes provenientes de otros microorganismos vinculados por técnicas moleculares como el ensamblaje de Bio-Brick. Algunos de estos enlaces pueden adoptar un comportamiento booleano y generar lo que se conoce como un circuito genético, compuesto principalmente por las partes funcionales de un gen (Promotor, RBS, ORF, Terminador). Estas piezas intercambiables forman lo que se conoce como Bio-Brick, que actúa como una puerta lógica al mostrar una estabilidad excelente y una memoria genética que perdura después de varias generaciones. Por los distintos tipos de comportamiento que presentan los Bio-Bricks, son muy atractivos para la industria, ya que con solo elegir un tipo de circuito sus aplicaciones son diversas, por ejemplo en la industria biomédica para (medicamentos contra el cáncer, la malaria, anticuerpos específicos e ingeniería del microbioma), o en la industria energética para (generar biocombustibles de segunda generación que compitan eficazmente con los combustibles fósiles; también se ha descubierto que por su utilidad en diferentes ámbitos, representa una solución a problemas como las altas emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero o la actual pandemia provocada por la aparición del SARS-CoV-2.


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