Islas DLP

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 33
Paginas: 221-225
Archivo PDF: 76.22 Kb.

RESUMEN

En la vida fetal y durante el periodo canalicular que comprende de la semana 16 a la 25 de la gestación, se inicia la movilización del ion cloro a partir del espacio intersticial al alveolar en desarrollo; de esta forma se inicia el transporte pasivo de agua a este espacio y se da inicio a la producción de líquido pulmonar fetal. En la etapa posnatal, la eliminación del líquido pulmonar depende de la activación de la enzima Na+K+ATPasa. Los mecanismos por los cuales se elimina el líquido pulmonar del espacio alveolar, antes, durante y después del nacimiento, involucra aspectos como edad gestacional, vía de nacimiento y la participación de hormonas, durante el trabajo de parto. Si estos mecanismos no se llevan a cabo en forma conjunta pueden retener y/o modificar la composición del líquido pulmonar fetal y el recién nacido desarrollar edema pulmonar.

REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

1. Bland R. Formation of fetal lung liquid and its renoval near birth. In: Polin and Fox. Fetal and Neonatal Physiology. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders, 2000; 1047-1054.

2. Amelia W. Innate host defense of the lung: Effects of lung-lining fluid pH. Lung 2004; 182: 297-317.

3. Bland R. Formación de edema en el neonato. Clin Perinatol 1982; 3: 593-611.

4. Brodsky D. Fetal respiration. Neonatology review. Philadelphia: Hanley and Belfus, 2003; 46-47.

5. Mescher E, Platzker A, Ballard P. Ontogeny of tracheal fluid pulmonary surfactant, and plasma corticoids in the fetal lamb. J Appl Physiol 1975; 39: 1017.

6. Greenough A. Pulmonary diseases of the newborn. In: Robertson R. Textbook of neonatology. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone, 2000; 455-457.

7. Humphreys P. Pulmonary lymph flow and the uptake of liquid from the lungs of the lamb at the start of breathing. J Physiol 1967; 1: 193.

8. Normand I, Strang L. Passage of macromolecules between alveolar and interstitial spaces of fetal and newly ventilated lungs of the lamb. J Physiol 1970; 210: 151.

9. Normand I, Olver R. Permeability of lung capillaries and alveoli to non-electrolites in the fetal lamb. J Physiol 1971; 219: 303.

10. Jobe AH. Fetal lung development, tests for maturation, induction of maturation, and treatment. In: Creasy Resnik. Maternal-fetal medicine. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders, 1999; 404-422.

11. Fanaroff A, Martin R. The respiratory system. Neonatal-perinatol medicine. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby, 1992; 783-789.

12. Rudolph A, Heymann M. Circulatory changes during growth in the fetal lamb. Circ Res 1970; 26: 289.

13. Kitterman J, Ballard P, Clements J. Tracheal fluid in fetal lambs: Spontaneous decrease prior to birth. J Appl Physiol 1979; 47: 985.

14. Enhorning G, Chamberlain D. Isoxsuprine-induced release of pulmonary surfactant in the rabbit fetus. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1977; 129: 197.

15. Walters D, Olver R. The role of catecholaminesin lung liquid absorption at birth. Pediatr Res 1978; 12: 239.

16. Lawson E, Brown E. The effect of epinephrine on tracheal fluid flow and surfactant efflux in fetal sheep. Am Rev Respir Dis 1978; 118: 1023.

17. Perks AC. The effects of arginine vasopressin and other factors on the production of lung fluid in fetal goats. Chest 1982; 81 (suppl): 63.

18. Alexander D, Bashore R. Maternal and fetal arginine vasopressin in the chronically catheterized sheep. Biol Neonate 1974; 25: 242.

19. Stark R, Daniel S. Arginine vasopressin during gestation and parturition in the sheep fetus. Biol Neonate 1979; 35: 235.

20. Chard T, Boyd N. The release of oxytocin and vasopressin by the human fetus during labor. Nature 1971; 234: 352.

21. Polin R, Husain M. High vasopressin concentrations in human umbilical cord blood. J Perinat Med 1977; 5: 114.

22. Brown M, Olver R. Effect of adrenaline infusion and of spontaneous labour on lung liquid secretion and absorption in the fetal lamb (abstract). J Physiol 1981; 313: 13.

23. Bland R, Hansen T. Lung fluid balance in lambs before and after birth. J Appl Physiol 1982; 53: 992.

24. Hall J, Haberkern C. Lung blood and water content of preterm and term rabbits (abstract). Clin Resp 1980; 28: 122.

25. Cummings JJ, Wang H. Nitric oxide induced reduction in fetal lung liquid does not depend on Na+ reabsorption (abstract). Pediatr Res 1995; 37: 329.

26. Carlton DP. Surfactant alters lung liquid production and epithelial ion transport in fetal sheep (abstract). Pediatr Res 1996; 39: 327.

27. Olver R, Ramsden C, Strang L. Adrenaline induced changes in net lung liquid volume flow across the pulmonary epithelium of the fetal lamb: Evidence for active sodium transport (abstract). J Physiol 1981; 316: 55.

28. Matthay M, Landolt C. Differential liquid and protein clearence from the alveoli of anesthetized sheep. J Appl Physiol 1982; 53: 96.

29. Bland R. Balance de líquido pulmonar y edema del pulmón neonatal. En: Sola A. Cuidados especiales del feto y el recién nacido. Buenos Aires: Científica Interamericana, 2001; 933-946.

30. Lucky J, Douglas C. Physiology of fetal lung fluid clearance and the effect of labor. Semin Perinatol 2006; 30; 34-43.

31. Davey M, Hedrick H. Pulmonary epithelial liquid absorption, expressed in relation to alveolar surface area, is reduced in fetal lambs following in utero tracheal occlusion. Pediatric Pulmonary 2002; 34: 278-286.

32. Cummings JJ. Nitric oxide decreases lung liquid production in fetal lambs. J Appl Physiol 1997; 83: 1538-1544.

33. Bader D, Riskin A. Breathing in term infants delivered by caesarean section. Acta Paediatr 2004; 93: 1216-1220.