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2025, Número 2

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Arch Med Fam 2025; 27 (2)


Uso de la Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) prueba corta de rendimiento físico para la detección de fragilidad en adultos mayores en el primer nivel de atención

Páez POD, Ortiz CMV, Gualdrón SEL, Mosso ACJD, Castañeda CHA, Melo GAR, Peñuela RFE

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 40
Paginas: 69-74
Archivo PDF: 211.48 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de fragilidad en los adultos mayores mediante el uso de la Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, transversal, analizando los registros obtenidos de la SPPB aplicada a adultos mayores de 60 años, residentes en un municipio de Boyacá, que asistían a centros de atención primaria, puntos de reunión comunitaria, hogar geriátrico o que fueron atendidos en visitas domiciliarias. Resultados: Se evaluaron 183 registros. Edad promedio: 69.6 años (DE 7). La mayoría mujeres, de zona rural y con bajo nivel educativo. El 33.3% de los participantes se clasificaron como frágiles; el 42.1% como prefrágiles y el 24.6% como no frágiles. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de fragilidad y prefragilidad encontrada en la población estudiada fue alta, por lo que se requiere capacitar a los profesionales de salud en la detección temprana y la creación e implementación de programas de intervención multidimensionales que disminuyan su impacto negativo en esta población. La SPPB es una prueba de fácil aplicación en diferentes entornos, incluyendo la atención primaria, que puede ser utilizada en la identificación de adultos mayores frágiles y prefrágiles.


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