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2022, Número 4

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Rev Cubana Med Gen Integr 2022; 38 (4)


Factores de riesgo para mortalidad en mujeres adultas mayores con síndrome de fragilidad

Murga-Bendezú P, Vizcarra-Flores F, Runzer-Colmenares F, Parodi Garcia J

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 37
Paginas:
Archivo PDF: 480.99 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: La fragilidad es un síndrome geriátrico de gran prevalencia e impacto en la población adulta mayor, que se asocia con diversos desenlaces negativos en la salud, particularmente en el sexo femenino, pues implica una mayor predisposición de morir. Existen diversos factores asociados a la mortalidad en mujeres frágiles, entre los descritos están los factores sociodemográficos, la presencia de comorbilidades y los síndromes geriátricos.
Objetivos: Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad en mujeres adultas mayores con síndrome de fragilidad.
Métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico, de tipo cohorte retrospectiva, análisis secundario en una base de datos de una investigación realizada en adultos mayores del Centro Médico Naval “Cirujano Mayor Santiago Távara” entre los años 2010 y 2015 con seguimiento de supervivencia hasta junio del 2016. La muestra para el presente análisis se constituyó por datos de 341 adultas mayores frágiles, de acuerdo al fenotipo de Fried.
Resultados: El estado civil, ser divorciadas o separadas, la multimorbilidad, el número de fármacos, el riesgo de caídas y el Puntaje de la Escala de Gijón se asociaron significativamente con un mayor riesgo de mortalidad en mujeres frágiles, mientras que la educación, la edad, el Puntaje del Índice de Barthel y el Puntaje de Minimental State Examination no fueron factores asociados.
Conclusiones: Las mujeres frágiles divorciadas o separadas, con pobre soporte social, mayor consumo de fármacos y multimorbilidad, y con riesgo de caídas tienen mayor riesgo de mortalidad.


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