Ccapa-de la Cruz RM, Flores-Torres Z, Pinzón-Espitia OL

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 34
Paginas: 133-140
Archivo PDF: 817.81 Kb.

RESUMEN

La selectividad alimentaria en niños con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) representa un desafío nutricional y familiar, debido a las alteraciones en el procesamiento sensorial, rigidez conductual y dificultades en la autorregulación emocional propias del TEA, lo que limita la aceptación de nuevos alimentos. El objetivo de esta revisión es describir las estrategias nutricionales que se han desarrollado para favorecer la aceptación de nuevos alimentos en niños con autismo y selectividad alimentaria. En general se establece que las estrategias más efectivas integran enfoques sensoriales y conductuales, como el análisis conductual aplicado y el refuerzo positivo, junto con la capacitación activa de padres o cuidadores y el trabajo interdisciplinario. Se concluye que el abordaje debe ser individualizado y a largo plazo, pero se requieren de estudios de investigación rigurosos para mejorar la evidencia disponible hasta el momento.

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