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Órgano Oficial del Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz

2006, Número 5

Salud Mental 2006; 29 (5)


Dependencia de los sistemas de memoria al ciclo luz-oscuridad en la expresión de estrategias adaptativas. Segunda parte

Rueda-Orozco PE, Montes-Rodríguez CJ, Soria-Gómez E, Herrera-Solís A, Guzmán K, Prospéro-García A, Ruiz-Contreras AE, Prospéro-García O

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 63
Paginas: 49-58
Archivo PDF: 102.98 Kb.


RESUMEN

En la primera parte de esta revisión nos encargamos de revisar al hipocampo y al estriado en el contexto de los sistemas de memoria. En esta parte revisaremos las bases anatómicas y fisiológicas de los sistemas de memoria representados por la amígdala y la corteza prefrontal así como su participación en la expresión de estrategias para la solución de problemas específicos (estrategias adaptativas). En este apartado haremos hincapié en las funciones básicas que se le atribuyen a estas estructuras, su participación en la expresión de estrategias adaptativas y la influencia que ejercen sobre otros sistemas de memoria como el hipocampal y el estriatal. Aquí revisamos el papel de la amígdala como modulador del hipocampo y el estriado. También revisamos los conceptos de memoria de trabajo y anticipación como las principales funciones de la corteza prefrontal o neocorteza y su relación con los otros sistemas de memoria. Finalmente revisamos la bibliografía disponible acerca de los ritmos circadianos y su relación con la memoria. Haremos énfasis en la función del hipocampo. Nosotros creemos que estudiar las relaciones mencionadas puede ser una herramienta útil para comprender cómo es que el medio ambiente influencia la conducta.
Conclusiones. Cuando un sujeto es sometido a un problema determinado, éste puede solucionarlo con diferentes estrategias. La génesis y expresión de las estrategias depende de la interacción de diferentes estructuras cerebrales, entre ellas las estructuras relacionadas con los procesos de memoria. Los diferentes sistemas de memoria procesan y almacenan diferentes tipos de información. Esta información es el sustento que utiliza el cerebro, probablemente la corteza prefrontal, para la generación de las estrategias adaptativas. Por otro lado existe información que sugiere que el ciclo luz-oscuridad modula la actividad de las diferentes estructuras mencionadas. Esto implicaría que la conducta, la forma como un sujeto se adapta a su medio, estaría a su vez matizada por el ciclo luz-oscuridad.


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