medigraphic.com
ISSN 3061-8142 (Digital)
ISSN 0484-7903 (Impreso)

2002, Número 4

<< Anterior

Rev Mex Anest 2002; 25 (4)


Consulta preanestésica.

Haberer JP

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 88
Paginas: 298-311
Archivo PDF: 229.05 Kb.


RESUMEN

Laconsultapreanestésica, realizada porunmédico anestesiólogo, se llevaacabo varios días antesdeunaintervención quirúrgica programada.Es útil que el paciente complete un cuestionario antes de esta consulta.
Los principales objetivos de la consulta preanestésica son: obtener información sobre los antecedentes del paciente, realizar la exploración clínica, seleccionar los exámenes complementarios e informar al paciente, particularmente en lo que se refiere a la técnica anestésica. La mayoría de los tratamientosmédicosseprosiguen hastala vísperaolamañanadel díadela intervención.Esimportante, sobre todoenelcasodelosmedicamentos cardiovasculares,cuyainterrupciónbruscapuededescompensarlaenfermedadqueseestátratando.Losfármacosqueinterfierenconlahemostasia (antigregantes plaquetarios y antivitaminas K) deben interrumpirse o sustituirse por heparina, en función de la indicación y del tipo de intervención. Los datos de la consulta se anotan en una hoja de anestesia, que se entrega en la historia clínica del paciente. Laconsultapreanestésicatambiéndebedetectarlaansiedadylostemoresdelpaciente.Laansiedadsecalmaconlaactitudempáticadelanestesiólogo, la información yunamedicación preanestésica.
La información, escrita y oral, debe referirse a la técnica anestésica, sobre todo en caso de anestesia locorregional, a los eventuales incidentes y accidentes, a la transfusión y al tratamiento del dolor postoperatorio. La satisfacción del paciente es muy difícil de valorar y depende tanto de la calidad de los actos técnicos como de los factores relativos a la organización y al entorno. La prescripción de exámenes complementarios no debe ser sistemática, sino que debe tener en cuenta la edad del paciente, su estado clínico y la naturaleza de la intervención.
Durante la consulta se dan al paciente instrucciones preoperatorias sobre la toma de medicamentos, el ayuno preoperatorio y las modalidades de la anestesia ambulatoria.
La clasificación del paciente según laAmerican Society ofAnesthesiologists (clasificaciónASA)forma parte de la evaluación del riesgo anestésico.


REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

  1. Adés J. La notion d´alcoolodépendance et ses rapports avec le sevrage.Lescritéresd´évaluation.Confécedeconsensus.Objectifs indications et modalités du sevrage du patient alcolodépendant. Alcoologie 1999; 21 (suppl) :235-285.

  2. Agence nationale d´accreditation et d´évaluation en santé. Les examens préopératories systématiques, Recommandations et references professionnelles,decembre1998.

  3. Anaesthesia and anaesthetists. Information for patients and their relatives. The association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland,London,1997.

  4. Anonyme, Groupe d´études sur I´´ hémostase et la thrombose. Èvaluationpré-opératoiredeI´hémostase.SangThrombVaiss1993; 5 (suppl) : 5-14.

  5. Anonymous. Practice guidelines for preoperative fasting and the use of pharmacologic agents to reduce the risk of pulmonary aspiration: application to healthy patients undergoing elective procedures. A report by the American Society ofAnesthesiologists task force on preoperative fasting. Anesthesiology 1999; 90: 896-905.

  6. Apfel CC, Greim CA, Haubitz I, Grundt D, Goepfert c, Sefrin P, Roewer N. The discriminating power of a risk score for postoperative vomiting in adults undergoing various types of surgery.ActaAnaesthesiolScand1998; 42: 502-509.

  7. Arellano R, Cruise c, Chung F. Timing of the anesthesist´s preoperative outpatient interview.AnesthAnalg 1989; 68: 645-648

  8. Arvidson S. Preparation of adult patients for anaesthesia and surgery.ActaAnaesthesiolScand1996;40:962-970.

  9. AuquierP, Blache JL, Colavolpe C,EonB,AuffrayJP,PernoudNet al. Échelle de vecú périopératoire de I´anesthésie. l- Construction et validation.AnnFrAnesthRéanim1999; 18:848-857.

  10. AuroyY,LaxenaireMC,ClergueF,PéquignotF,jouglaE,LienhartA. Anesthésies selon les caractéristiques des patients, des établissementsetdelaprocédureassociée.AnnFrAnesthRéanim 1998;17:1311-1316.

  11. BadnerNH,CraenRA,PaulTL,DoyleJA.Anaesthesiapreadmission assessment: a new approach through use of a screening questionnaire.CanJAnaesth1998; 45: 87-92.

  12. Badner NH, Nielson WR, Munk S, Kwiatkowska C, GelbAW. Preoperative anxiety: detection and contributing factors. Can J Anaesth1990;37:444-447.

  13. Boisson-Bertrand D, Bourgain JL, Camboulioves J, CrinquetteV, CrosAM, Dubreuil Metal. Expertise collective sur I’intubation difficiledela société francaise d’anesthésie etderéanimation.Ann FrAnesthRéanim1996; 15:207-214.

  14. BuggeK, BertelsenF,BendtsenA. Patients’desire for information aboutanaesthesia:Danishattitudes.ActaAnaesthesiolScand1998; 42:91-96

  15. Callaghan LC, Edwards ND, Reilly CS. Utilisation of the preoperativeECG.Anaesthesia 1995; 50:488-490

  16. CirculaireDGS/DHnº609du1eroctobre1996relativeauxanalices et tests pratiqués sur des receveursde produits sanguins labiles.

  17. Circulaire DGS/SQ4 nº 98/231 du 9 avril 1998 relative à I’information des malades, en matière de risques liés aux produits sanguins labiles et aux médicaments dérivés du sang, et sur les diferentes mesures de rappel efectúes sur ces produits sanguins.

  18. Conférencedeconsensus.Prophylaxiedesthrombosesveineuses profondes etdesembolies pulmonaires postopératoires (chirurgie genérale,gynécologiqueetorthopédique).8mars1991,Paris.Ann FrAnesthRéanim1991; 10: 417-421.

  19. Conway JB, Goldberg J, Chung F. Preadmission anaesthesia consultation clinic.CanJAnaesth 1992; 39: 1051-1057.

  20. DickWF. Pre-operative screening for elective surgery. Baillières ClinAnaesthesiol 1998; 12: 349-371.

  21. DomarAL, Everett LL, KellerMG. Preoperative anxiety: is it a predictable entity?AnesthAnalg 1989; 69: 763-767.

  22. ElsassP, Eikard B,JungeJ,Lyrke J,StaunP, Feldt-RasmussenM. Psychological effects of detailed preanaesthetic information.Acta AnaesthesiolScand1987;31:579-583.

  23. Farmer RD, Lawrenson RA. Oral contraceeptives and venous thromboembolic disease: the findings from database studies in the United Kingdom and Germany.AmJ Obstet Gynecol 1998; 179(suppl): 578-586.

  24. FarnillD,InglisS.Patient’sdesireforinformationaboutanaesthesia: Australian attitudes.Anaesthesia 1994, 49: 162-164.

  25. Fischer SP. Development and effectiveness of an anestesia preoperativeevaluationclinicinateachinghospital.Anesthesiology 1996;85:196-206.

  26. FungD,CohenMM.Measuringpatientsatisfactionwithanesthesia care: a review of current methodology. AnesthAnalg 1998; 87: 1089-1098.

  27. GarayA.Àproposdelaréalisationdetransfusionssanguinescontre la volonté des patients.AnnFrAnesth Réanim 2000; 19: 39-41.

  28. Gentile S,AuquierP,Antoniotti,PernoudN, Colavolpe C, Francois Get al. Satisfaction après prise en charge anestthèsique: revue des diffèrents outils existants. PresseMèd1999; 28 : 1040- 1045.

  29. GeorgeB,TrojeC,BunodièreM,EurinB.Libertèdesvoiesaèriennes enanesthesiology-Masquelaryngèetintubationtrachèale.Encycl MèdChir(EditionsScientifiquesetMèdicalesElsevierSAS,Parìs), Anesthèsie-rèanimation, 36- 190-A- 10, 1998: 1- 34.

  30. GibbyGL.Pre-anaesthetic evaluation. Baillières ClinAnaesthesiol 1998;12: 503- 521.

  31. GolubR,CantyuR,Sorrento JJ,SteinHD.Efficacyofpreadmisión testing in ambulatory surgical patients.Am J Surg 1992; 163: 565-571.

  32. GompelA,ConardJ.Thrombosesveineuses et oestroprogestatifs detroisième gènèration.SangThrombVaiss 1998; 10: 399-403.

  33. HabererJP.Examenscomplèmentairesprè-opèratories.MèdThèr 1997;3:299-305.

  34. HabererJP. Interfèrences mèdicamenteuses en anesthèsie.Cah Anesthèsiol 1999;47: 377-390.

  35. HutchinsonGL,LonsdaleM.Patient‘s desire for information about anaesthesia:Australian attitudes ( Correspondence).Anaesthesia 1993;48:645-646.

  36. Information and consent for anaesthesia. The Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland, London, july 1999

  37. Information prètransfusionnelle.AnnFrAnesthRèanim1999; 18: 50-52.

  38. Informations mèdicales sur I‘anesthesia : proposition de laSFAR. AnnFrAnesth Rèanim 1998; 17 : 2-4.

  39. Kerridge R, Lee A, Latchford E, Beehan SJ, Hillman KM. The preoperativesystem:anewapproachtomanagingelectivesurgery. Anaesth IntensiveCare1995; 23: 591-596.

  40. LaxenaireMCetlegrouped‘etudesdesrèactionsanaphylactoides peranesthèsiques. Èpidèmiologie des reactions anaphylactoides peranesthèsiques.Quatrièmeenquètemulticentrique (juillet1994- dècembre1996).AnnFrAnesthRèanim1999; 18: 796-809

  41. LeeA, LumME,HillmanKM,BaumanA.Referralofsurgicalpatients to an anaesthetic clinic: a decision-making analysis. Anaesth IntensiveCare1994; 22: 562-567.

  42. LeeA, LumME,PeriM,BeehanSJ,HillmanKM.BaumanARiskof unanticipated intraoperative events in patients assessed at a preanaesthetic clinic.CanJAnaesth1997; 44: 946-954.

  43. LeighJM,WalkerJ,JanaganathanP.Effectofpreoperativeanaesthetic visit on anxiety. BrMedJ 1997; 2: 987-989.

  44. Lichtor JL,JohansonCE,MhoonD,FaureEA,HassanSZ,Roizen MF. Preoperative anxiety.Doesanxiety level the afternoon before the surgery predict anxiety level just before surgery? Anesthesiology 1987;67: 595-599.

  45. LidegaardO,BygdermanM,MilsomI,NesheimBI,SkeldestadFE, Toivonen J. Oral contraceptives and thrombosis. From risk estimates to heath impact.Acta Obstet Gynaecol Scand 1999; 78: 142-149.

  46. Lienhart A. Refus de soins et urgence vitale: un conflit entre la finalité de I’exercice médical et I’obligation de respecter la volonté dela personne.AnnFrAnesthRéanim2000; 19:42-44.

  47. LonsdaleM,HutchinsonGL.Patient?s desire for informationabout anaesthesia:ScottishandCanadianattitudes.Anaesthesia1991;46: 410-412.

  48. MacarioA,Weinger M, Carney S, KimA.Wich clinical anestesia outcomes are important to avoid? The perspective of patients. AnesthAnalg1999; 89:652-658.

  49. Marty J. Exploration cardiovasculaire préopératoire. EncyclMéd Chir (Editions Scientifiques et Médicales Elsevier SAS, Paris), Anesthésie-réanimation, 36-375-A-15,1996:1-9.

  50. McCleane GJ, Cooper R. The nature of pre-operative anxiety. Anaesthesia1990;45:153-155.

  51. MillarK,JelicicM,BonkeB,AsburyAJ.Assessmentoofpre-operative anxiety:Comparison of measures in patients awaiting surgery for breastcancer.BrJAnaesth1995;74:180-183.

  52. Moerman N, van Dam FS, Oosting J. Recollections of general anaesthesia: a survey of anaesthesiological practice. Acta AnaesthesiolScand1992;36:767-771.

  53. MoermanN, vanDamFS, Muller MJ, Oosting H.TheÁmsterdam preoperative anxiety and information scale (APAIS).AnesthAnalg 1996;82:445-451.

  54. Nightingale JJ, Lack JA,Stubbing JF, Reed J. The preoperative anaesthetic visit. Its value to the patient and the anaesthetist. Anaesthesia1992;47:801-803.

  55. NorrisW,BairdWL.Pero-operativeanxiety:astudyoftheincidence anaetiology.Br JAnaesth1967;39:503-509.

  56. Oger E, Scarabin PY. Assessment of the risk for venous thromboembolismamongusers ofhormonereplacement therapy. DrugsAging1999;14:55-61.

  57. Osswald PM, Swars O, LeufkeP. Scores, scoring and outcome: correlation between preoperative assessment and post-operative morbidity and mortality of non-hospitalized and hospitalized patients. Baillières ClinAnaesthesiol 1998;12:471-483.

  58. PandaN.BajajA,PershadD,YaddanapudiLN,ChariP.Preperative anxiety. Effect of early or late position on the operating list. Anaesthesia1996;51:344-346.

  59. PerezA, Planell J,BacardazC,HoounieA, Franci J, BrotnsCet al. Value of routine preoperative tests: a multicentre study in four general hospitals. Br JAnaesth1995;74:250-256.

  60. PernoudN, Colavolpe C,AuquierP,EonB,AuffrayJP, FrançoisG, Blanche JL. Échelle de vécu periopératoire de I’anesthésie. I - Résultats préliminaires.AnnFrAnesthRéanim1999;18:858-865.

  61. Pertek JP, Pertek J. Aspects juridiques de la relation entre anesthésiste-réanimateur et témoindeJéhova(oupatient refusant unetransfusión qui peut éter nécessaire, sans alternative et vitale). CahAnesthesiol 2000;48:27-36.

  62. PhillipsS, Hutchinson S, DavidsonT. Preoperative drinking does not affect gastric contents. Br JAnaesth 1993;70:6-9

  63. Pollard JB, ZborayAL,MazzeRI. Economic benefits attributed to opening a preoperative evaluation clinic for out patients.Anaesth Anal1996;83:407-410.

  64. Power KJ, Norman J. Pre-registration house surgeons. A questionnairestudyofanaesthesia-relatedknowledgeandapproach to pre-operative investigations.Anaesthesia 1992;47:518-522.

  65. Recommandationsconcernantlapériodepréanesthésique.Societé française d’anesthésie etderéanimation, Paris, 1991.

  66. Recommandations concernant les relations entre anesthésistesr éanimateurs, chirurgiens et autres spécialistes ou professionnels desanté.Ordrenationaldesmédecins.Consell nationaldeI’Ordre, mai1994.

  67. Riskmanagement.TheAssociationofAnaesthetistsofGreatBritain and Ireland,London,January1998.

  68. RoizenMF,FossJF, FischerSP. Preoperative evaluation. In: Miller RD ed. Anestesia. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone, 2000: 824-883.

  69. RossAE,Tinker JH. Preoperative evaluation of the healthypatient. In: Longnecker DE,Tinker JH, MorganGEJr eds. Principles and practice of anesthesiology.St Louis:CVMosby, 1988:3-51.

  70. Runciman WB. Patients’perception of the anaesthetist and anaesthesia.AnaesthIntensiveCare1993;21.502-505.

  71. SandersLD,GildersleveCD,ObeLT.Theimpactoftheappearance of the anaesthetist on the patient’s perception of the pre-operative visit.Anaesthesia1991;46:1056-1058.

  72. Sargos P. Modalités, preuve et contenu de I’information que le médecin doit donner à son patient. Commentaire de I’arrèt de la première chambre civile de la Cour de cassation du 25 février 1994 (arrèt nº 1564). Méd Droit 1997;27:1-3.

  73. SargosP. Oblligations d’information et risques graves.MédDroit 1998;33:14-16.

  74. ShaferA,FishP,GreggKM,SeavelloJ,KosekP.Preoperativeanxiety andfear:acomparison ofassessmentsbypatientsandanesthesia andsurgery residents.AnesthAnalg 1996;83:1285-1291.

  75. ShevdeKPanagopoulosG.Asurvey of 800 patients’knowledge, attitudes and concerns regarding anestesia. Anesth Anal 1991;73:190-198.

  76. Sinclair DR, Chung F, MezelG. Can postoperative nausea and vomiting be predicted?Anesthesiology 1999;91:109-118.

  77. Soni JC,Thomas DA.Comparison of anxiety before induction of anaesthesia in the anaesthetic room or operating theatre. Anaesthesia1989;44:651-655.

  78. Spies CD, Rommelspacher H.Alcohol withdrawal in the surgical patient: prevention and treatment.AnesthAnalg 1999;88:946-954

  79. Strunin L.Howlong should patients fast before surgery?Time for new guidelines (editorial). Br JAnaesth 1993;70:1-3.

  80. SwinhoeCF,GrovesEr.Patients’knowledgeofanaesthesicpractice andthe role of anaesthetists.Anaesthesia 1994;49:165-166.

  81. TaitAR,ParrHG,Tremper KK. Evaluation of the efficacy of routine preoperative electrocardiograms. J Cardiothorac VascAnesth 1997;11:752-755.

  82. The anaesthesia team.TheAssociation ofAnaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland, London,August 1998.

  83. Védrinne C, LarouxMC,BlancP,DurandPG,GeorgeM,Lehot JJ. Consultation d’anesthésie de chirurgie cardiovasculaire et thoracique. Enquète de satisfaction des patients et des médecins. AnnFrAnesthRéanim1999;18:834-842.

  84. Wahl MJ. Dental surgery in antiocoagulated patients.Arch Intern Med1998;158:1610-1616.

  85. Warner DO,Warner MA, Offord KP, Schroeder DR, Maxson P, Scanlon PD.Airway obstruction and perioperative complications in smokers undergoing abdominal surgery. Anesthesiology 1999;90:372-379.

  86. Whitty PM, Shaw IH, Goodwin DR. Patient satitisfaction with general anaesthesia. Too difficult to measure? Anaesthesia 1996;51:327-332.

  87. WisiakUV, KrollW,ListW.Communicationduring the preoperative visit.EurJAnaesthesiol 1991;8:65-68.

  88. Wood M. Complications of prior drug therapy. In: Gravenstein N, Kirby RR eds. Complications in anesthesiology. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven,1996:619-637.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com