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Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 19
Paginas: 21-26
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FRAGMENTO

La Academia Americana de Pediatría define la apnea neonatal como el cese de los movimientos respiratorios por más de 20 segundos, o episodios menores asociados con bradicardia, cianosis o palidez (Nelson 1978). Estás apneas deben diferenciarse de la respiración periódica, en la cual las pausas respiratorias se alternan en forma cíclica con movimientos respiratorios y no se asocian ni con bradicardia (‹ 100 latidos por minuto) ni con caída significativa de la saturación de hemoglobina (‹80%).

REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

1. American Academy of Pediatrics: Task Force on Prolonged Apnea. Prolonged apnea. Pediatrics 1978; 61:651-652.

2. Comer AM, Perry CM, Figgitt DP. Caffeine citrate: a review of its use in apnoea of prematurity. Paediatr Drugs 2001; 3:61-79.

3. Miller MJ, Carlo WA, Martin RJ. Continuous positive airway pressure selectively reduces obstructive apnea in preterm infants. J Pediatr 1985; 106:91-94.

4. Ruggins NR. Pathophysiology of apnea in preterm infants. Arch Dis Child 1991; 66:70-73.

5. Lemke RP, Al-Saedi SA, Alvaro RE, Wiseman NE, Cates DB, Kwiatkowski K, Rigatto H. Use of a magnified cardiac airflow oscillation to classify neonatal apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 154:1537-42.

6. Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA. Neonatal apnea, bradycardia, or desaturation: Does it matter?. J Pediatr 1998; 132: 758-9.

7. Osborn DA, Henderson-Smart DJ. Kinesthetic stimulation versus theophylline for apnea in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000; (2):CD000502

8. Osborn DA, Henderson-Smart DJ. Kinesthetic stimulation for treating apnea in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000; (2):CD000499

9. Henderson-Smart DJ, Osborn DA. Kinesthetic stimulation for preventing apnea in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002; (2):CD000373

10. Keene DJ, Wimmer JE Jr, Mathew OP. Does supine positioning increase apnea, bradycardia and desaturation in preterm infant?. J Perinatol 2000; 20(1):17-20.

11. Jeffery HE, Megevand A, Page M. Why the prone position is a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome. Pediatrics 1999; 104:263-69.

12. American Academy of Pediatrics: Task Force on infant sleep position and sudden infant death syndrome. Changing concepts of sudden infant death syndrome: Implications for infant sleeping environment and sleep position. Pediatrics 2000; 105:650-56.

13. Henderson-Smart DJ, Steer P. Methylxanthine treatment for apnea in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000; (2):CD000140.

14. Erenberg A, Leff RD, Haack DG, Mosdell KW, Hicks GM, Wynne BA. Caffeine citrate for the treatment of apnea of prematurity: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Pharmacotherapy 2000; 20:644-52.

15. Steer PA. Henderson-Smart DJ. Caffeine versus theophylline for apnea in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000; (2):CD000273. Review

16. Henderson-Smart DJ, Steer PA. Prophylactic methylxanthine for preventing of apnea in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000; (2):CD000432. Review.

17. American academy of pediatrics. Committee on Drugs. Precautions concerning the use of theophylline. Pediatrics 1992; 89:781-783.

18. Sreenan C, Lemke RP, Hudson-Mason A, Osiovich H. High-Flow Nasal cannulae in the management of apnea of prematurity: Comparison with conventional nasal continuous positive airway pressure. Pediatrics 2001; 107:1081-1083.

19. Lemyre B, Davis PG, De Paoli AG.Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for apnea of prematurity. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002; (3):CD002272.