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Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2009, Número 3

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salud publica mex 2009; 51 (3)


Consumo de alimentos y asma en niños escolares de Cuernavaca

Gutiérrez-Delgado RI, Barraza-Villarreal A, Escamilla-Núñez MC, Solano-González M, Moreno-Macías H, Romieu I

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 43
Paginas: 202-211
Archivo PDF: 141.29 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo. Evaluar la relación entre la dieta y el desarrollo de asma y rinitis alérgica en escolares de Cuernavaca, Morelos, México. Material y métodos. Se aplicó el cuestionario ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) a 5 460 niños de entre 6 a 8 y 11 a 14 años de edad, de nivel primaria, seleccionados de manera aleatoria. Se formaron seis grupos de alimentos a partir de un análisis de clusters jerárquico y se evaluó la relación con los padecimientos a través de modelos de regresión logística. Resultados. El consumo de comida rápida tuvo un efecto adverso sobre la sibilancia actual (RM=1.82; IC95%=1.16-2.87) y el consumo de golosinas sobre más de tres episodios de sibilancia (RM=2.26; IC95%=1.04-4.95) y síntomas nasales sin gripa o catarro (RM=1.35; IC95%=1.06-1.71). Conclusiones. Este estudio provee evidencia de que la dieta juega un papel muy importante, ya que el consumo abundante de comida rápida y golosinas incrementa el riesgo de asma y rinitis.


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