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Revista Cubana de Información en Ciencias de la Salud (ACIMED)

2010, Número 2

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Revista Cubana de Información en Ciencias de la Salud (ACIMED) 2010; 21 (2)


Epistemología y ciencia de la información

Capurro R

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 79
Paginas: 248-265
Archivo PDF: 170.01 Kb.


RESUMEN

En la introducción se analiza el concepto de paradigma y se indica el sentido de una investigación epistemológica en el campo de la ciencia de la información. La primera parte menciona algunos paradigmas epistemológicos que han influenciado a la ciencia de la información, a saber la hermenéutica, el racionalismo crítico, la teoría crítica, la semiótica, el constructivismo, la cibernética de segundo orden y la teoría de sistemas. En la segunda parte se profundizan tres paradigmas epistemológicos. En primer lugar se expone el paradigma físico. Partiendo de la teoría de Shannon y Weaver se mencionan los experimentos de Cranfield y la teoría de la "información-como-cosa" de Michael Buckland. En segundo lugar se analiza el paradigma cognitivo, representado entre otros por B.C. Brookes, Nicholas Belkin, Pertti Vakkari y Peter Ingwersen. Finalmente se expone el paradigma social que tiene sus orígenes en la obra de Jesse Shera y está actualmente representado por las teorías de Bernd Frohmann, Birger Hjørland, Rafael Capurro y Søren Brier. Finalmente se indican las consecuencias prácticas de los paradigmas epistemológicos para el diseño y la evaluación de sistemas de información así como para la investigación en ciencia de la información.


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