Ávila-Fematt FMG, Montaña-Álvarez M

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 36
Paginas: 366-374
Archivo PDF: 77.45 Kb.

RESUMEN

El envejecimiento de la población está asociado con un incremento en la prevalencia de las enfermedades crónicas, entre ellas la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 así como sus complicaciones crónicas y agudas. Con los cambios en las metas del tratamiento glucémico y los niveles cada vez más bajos de hemoglobina glucosilada recomendados, la prevalencia de hipoglucemia, sobre todo en los pacientes en tratamiento con insulina, se ha incrementado. El envejecimiento y los cambios en la reserva fisiológica producen una disminución en el desarrollo de síntomas asociados a la hipoglucemia, aumentando el riesgo de episodios inadvertidos o severos. Tradicionalmente la edad era referida como un riesgo de hipoglucemia, pero en la población mayor de 60 años la existencia de comorbilidades como la insuficiencia cardiaca, la desnutrición y la insuficiencia renal, se encuentran asociadas con un incremento en el riesgo de desarrollar estos eventos. Es necesaria la capacitación de los médicos y enfermeras de todos los niveles de atención para conocer las particularidades de las manifestaciones clínicas de la hipoglucemia que permitan su detección y tratamiento oportuno, dado que esta complicación aguda se encuentra asociada con un incremento en la mortalidad hospitalaria y a un año del egreso, caídas y desarrollo de deterioro cognitivo que afectan directamente la independencia y funcionalidad de los adultos mayores.

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