Carbajal RL, Rodríguez HR, Zarco RJ, Perea MA, Copto GA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 31
Paginas: 150-153
Archivo PDF: 96.67 Kb.

RESUMEN

Del grupo de sustancias vasoactivas en el organismo las endotelinas parecen tener especial importancia en la fisiopatología de las enfermedades cardiovasculares; de estas sustancias, la más estudiada es la Et₁ (es una hormona autocrina que podría aumentar la presión arterial ya que es un potente vasoconstrictor: 100 veces mayor que la norepinefrina y diez veces mayor que la angiotensina II), ésta se sintetiza en el endotelio vascular y en el músculo liso, y se activa ante sustancias vasoactivas, la hipoxia y el estrés vascular. Las endotelinas participan como moduladores del tono vascular, de la proliferación celular y de la producción hormonal y hay tres tipos: Et₁, Et₂, Et₃. Y dos receptores de éstas: Et_a y Et_b, con tres isoformas de enzima convertidora de endotelina: ECE1_a, ECE1_b y ECE1_c. Cuando hay una disfunción endotelial, debido a factores de riesgo, se activan sus funciones vasoconstrictoras, particularmente en la Et₁.

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