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Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía

2014, Número 3

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Arch Neurocien 2014; 19 (3)


Enfermedad carotidea aterosclerótica. Experiencia en el Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía en pacientes sometidos a angioplastía carotídea con stent

Santana-López JM, Zenteno-Castellanos MA, Balderrama BJ, Escobar-Pérez L, Vega-Montesinos S

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 35
Paginas: 136-146
Archivo PDF: 1060.08 Kb.


RESUMEN

La enfermedad carotidea aterosclerosa (EC) es una entidad frecuente a nivel mundial, con una prevalencia aproximada entre el 55 y 60%, siendo más frecuente en pacientes mayores de 60 años, sin diferencias significativas entre género. La EC moderada-severa (estenosis › 50%) explica alrededor del 15% de los casos de infarto cerebral y hasta el 50% de los episodios isquémicos transitorios. Asimismo, se identifica por soplos carotídeos en personas asintomáticas (sin haber presentado síntomas de isquemia cerebral). El tratamiento consistente en antiagregantes plaquetarios, uso de estatinas y control de factores de riesgo; pero en ocasiones es necesario el tratamiento invasivo (endarterectomía vs colocación de endoprótesis). La angioplastía carotidea puede ser superior a la endarterectomía carotidea en cierto grupo de pacientes, como en aquellos sometidos previamente a cirugía o radiación de cuello.


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