2016, Número 6
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Salud Mental 2016; 39 (6)
Las enzimas involucradas en el metabolismo de la cocaína: Una nueva aproximación farmacológica para el tratamiento de la intoxicación por sobredosis de cocaína
Salazar-Juárez A, Barbosa MS, Jurado N, Antón B
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 126
Paginas: 311-320
Archivo PDF: 391.18 Kb.
RESUMEN
Introducción
Se han desarrollado nuevas estrategias terapéuticas contra la toxicidad
por sobredosis de cocaína basadas en el aumento en la actividad
catalítica de enzimas que participan en la destrucción de su
molécula, antes de que tenga la oportunidad de penetrar el tejido
nervioso.
Objetivo
Describir los avances en el efecto del aumento en la actividad catalítica
de las enzimas BChE y las hCE, producidas para el tratamiento de
pacientes en condiciones de toxicidad por sobredosis de cocaína, así
como mencionar sus ventajas y desventajas y su potencial uso futuro
en pacientes internados por una sobredosis de cocaína.
Método
Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica por medio del PubMed, usando
como descriptores las palabras “
Cocaine”, “
hydrolase”, “
esterase”
y “
butyrylcholinesterase”. Se obtuvieron 220 artículos de los
cuales se usaron 126 para esta revisión.
Resultados
Las enzimas BChE, COCH y CoCe bacteriana disminuyeron significativamente
los niveles de cocaína en la sangre y el cerebro y con ello
atenuaron los efectos de una sobredosis de cocaína.
Discusión y conclusión
Los resultados obtenidos en modelos animales sugieren el potencial
terapéutico del uso de estas enzimas en humanos, para inactivar
rápidamente a la cocaína y desarrollar tratamientos para evitar las
muertes asociadas con la intoxicación por sobredosis.
Estas metodologías enzimáticas ofrecen una aplicación terapéutica
novedosa para el tratamiento de la sobredosis.
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