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Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2018, Número 3

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salud publica mex 2018; 60 (3)


Prevalencia de anemia y consumo de grupos de alimentos en niños y adolescentes mexicanos: Ensanut MC 2016

de la Cruz-Góngora V, Villalpando S, Shamah-Levy T

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 26
Paginas: 291-300
Archivo PDF: 313.15 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo. Describir la prevalencia de anemia y el consumo de alimentos fuente de hierro en niños y adolescentes mexicanos participantes en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición de Medio Camino 2016. Material y métodos. Se analizó la información de hemoglobina capilar de niños y adolescentes. La anemia se definió con base en el criterio de la OMS. Se usaron modelos de regresión logística para identificar los grupos de alimentos y características de los individuos asociados con anemia. Resultados. La prevalencia de anemia fue de 26.9% en niños de 1 a 4 años; 12.5% en el grupo de 5 a 11 y 9.6% para el de 12 a 19. La mayor prevalencia de anemia se dio entre las mujeres habitantes de la región Sur y Centro, indígenas y en el primer tercil de condición de bienestar. El consumo de carne de res en preescolares y de vísceras en adolescentes se asoció con menor riesgo de anemia. El consumo de leche Liconsa y el hierro no hemo en preescolares se asoció con mayor riesgo de anemia. Conclusiones. La anemia es altamente prevalente en niños y adolescentes mexicanos, afectando principalmente a la población pobre y a los más jóvenes. Las fuentes dietéticas de hierro hemo permanecen como los principales factores dietéticos asociados con menor riesgo de anemia.


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