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2018, Número Esp

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Sal Jal 2018; 5 (Esp)


Mortalidad por el Chikungunya un aspecto aún descuidado

Ribas-Freitas AR, Castillo-Morán MA, Ureña-Carrillo LE

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 29
Paginas: 104-108
Archivo PDF: 294.07 Kb.


FRAGMENTO

Epidemiologia

El término Chikungunya en la lengua original africana macaba (lengua del grupo Banto) significa “aquello que vierte”, esto se debe al hecho de que el cuadro clínico de quien tiene esta enfermedad es dolor articular intenso y fiebre aguda. La fiebre asociada a la artralgia incapacitante es la marca registrada de la enfermedad. El virus Chikungunya (CHIKV) fue aislado por primera vez en 1952, en la región de la actual Tanzania, durante una epidemia que inicialmente había sido atribuida al dengue. El CHIKV es un virus ARN de la familia Togaviridae y el género Alphavirus y por lo tanto no relacionado genéticamente con el virus del dengue, sino con los virus Mayaro, otro virus emergente en las Américas. Es clasificado como arbovirus (del inglés ARthropod- BOrne VIRUS, virus transmitido por artrópodos), en las Américas es predominantemente transmitido por Aedes aegypti, aunque también puede ser transmitido por el Aedes albopictus. Hay tres linajes conocidos, siendo dos originarios de África (ECSA, East / Central / South African Genotype y WA, West Africa) y una de Asia (linaje Asiático).


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