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Revista Médica Sinergia

2019, Número 04

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Revista Médica Sinergia 2019; 4 (04)


Lo nuevo en diagnóstico y tratamiento de diabetes mellitus gestacional

Espinoza AA, Fernández VR

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 25
Paginas: 41-54
Archivo PDF: 316.51 Kb.


RESUMEN

La diabetes mellitus gestacional es una condición en la que se desarrolla intolerancia a los carbohidratos y se diagnostica por primera vez en el embarazo sin una pre-existencia clara de diabetes tipo 1 o tipo 2. Es una patología de gran importancia debido a su creciente prevalencia y asociación a complicaciones maternas, fetales y/o neonatales que afectan a múltiples áreas de la medicina y la comunidad. Pese a que aún hay controversia respecto a su diagnóstico, múltiples estudios recomiendan el método de 2 pasos basado en un tamizaje con 50 gramos de glucosa oral y posteriormente una prueba de tolerancia de glucosa de 3 horas con una ingesta de 100 gramos de glucosa en aquellas que presenten un tamizaje positivo. El pilar del tratamiento va a consistir en la dieta y estilos de vida saludable. Para aquellas pacientes que requieran tratamiento farmacológico, el principal ente va a seguir siendo la insulina, pudiendo utilizar asimismo la metformina como una alternativa viable. Aún queda mucho por explorar y determinar en esta patología compleja, para lograr alcanzar un consenso entre las distintas guías y conseguir las mejores recomendaciones para la población a escala mundial.


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