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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2019, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2019; 22 (1)


Telas de carbón activado: generalidades y aplicaciones

García-Guel YY, Múzquiz-Ramos EM, Ríos-Hurtado JC

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 83
Paginas: 1-16
Archivo PDF: 1411.03 Kb.


RESUMEN

Los carbones activados (CA) son de gran interés debido a las excepcionales propiedades físicas y químicas que poseen, estos materiales se presentan en forma de gránulos o polvos, pero recientemente se ha comercializado una nueva forma de CA conocida como Fibra de Carbón Activado (FCA), que se puede fabricar en dos presentaciones, como tela y como fieltro. Las Telas de carbón activado (TCA) son materiales que poseen excelentes propiedades que las hacen superiores en comparación con las formas tradicionales y se producen a partir de precursores, mediante diversos procesos que incluyen activación física o química, entre los agentes impregnantes más utilizados se encuentran el KOH, H3PO4, ZnCl2, AlCl3, NH4Cl, Na2CO3 y K2CO3, cuya función principal es servir como deshidratantes impidiendo al mismo tiempo la producción de alquitranes. Las características y propiedades que adquieren las TCA dependen de la naturaleza del material que se utilizó para producirlas, estas características han sido aprovechadas en una gran cantidad de aplicaciones, como: medicina, sistemas de soporte de catalizadores, en la industria para la adsorción de contaminantes, purificación de aguas y tratamiento de aguas residuales, entre otras. Esta revisión muestra las generalidades y aplicaciones en estudios recientes y resume las aplicaciones de las TCA de las diferentes investigaciones realizadas, así como su proceso de obtención.


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