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Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán

2020, Número 1

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Rev Biomed 2020; 31 (1)


Revisión sistemática del Síndrome de Rapunzel

Janssen-Aguilar R, Rochel-Pérez A, Cuevas-Koh OJ, Santos-Zaldivar KD, Rodríguez-Cuevas M, Inurreta-Díaz MJ, Méndez-Domínguez NI

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 112
Paginas: 38-57
Archivo PDF: 309.73 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción. El síndrome de Rapunzel involucra una forma inusual de tricobezoar gástrico que se localiza desde el estómago llegando a traspasar el píloro y extendiéndose hasta el intestino delgado y/o colon derecho. El tricobezoar, uno de los bezoares que más se presentan en la práctica clínica, consiste en una masa formada por cabello debido a la ingestión de este, ya sea de manera deliberada o no intencionada.
Objetivo. Describir la frecuencia de signos y síntomas del síndrome de Rapunzel en los reportes de caso y presentar una comparación entre las edades pediátrica y adulta.
Método. Revisión sistemática en las bases de datos PubMed, Google académico, EBSCO y Scopus, empleando los términos “Rapunzel syndrome” y “case report” o “clinical case”.
Resultados. Un total de 110 casos de 98 artículos de reporte de caso fueron analizados, encontrando diferencias por sexo y edad. La tricotilomanía se distribuyó sin predominancia por grupo de edad. Se identificaron diferencias en el reporte de algunas manifestaciones clínicas al analizarlas por grupo de edad, incluyendo diarrea, constipación, vómitos y dolor abdominal. Los casos recidivantes representaron un 9 %.
Conclusiones. El síndrome de Rapunzel es una entidad que se encuentra en pacientes con patologías psiquiátricas como la tricotilomanía y la tricofagia. Es más frecuente en mujeres que en hombres. La técnica diagnóstica por elección fue la endoscopía y el tratamiento elegido incluyó la remoción quirúrgica y la psicoterapia.


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