2019, Número 2
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Arch Inv Mat Inf 2019; 10 (2)
Riesgo prenatal en el hipertiroidismo. Artículo de revisión y serie de casos
Zavala BB, Espinosa MNC, Viruéz SJA, Pérez CÁA, Álvarez LAI, Malanco HLM, Briones GJC
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 41
Paginas: 65-73
Archivo PDF: 154.26 Kb.
RESUMEN
Introducción: La enfermedad de Graves representa de 85 a 90% de todos los casos; durante el embarazo representa dificultad para su diagnóstico por las modificaciones fisiológicas, ya que el eje hipotálamo-hipófisis-tiroides fetal tiene un desarrollo diferente al eje materno, por lo que es importante conocer sus interacciones para el manejo de esta entidad con enfoque de riesgo en cada uno de los trimestres del embarazo.
Objetivo: Ofrecer un panorama amplio de los efectos de esta enfermedad en la salud materna y las repercusiones fetales, dar a conocer un protocolo de manejo y seguimiento del control prenatal para mejorar el pronóstico, y presentar los resultados perinatales de una serie de casos.
Material y métodos: Se realizó una revisión de la bibliografía y guías de manejo en el hipertiroidismo. Además, se recabaron 12 expedientes en 2014 de hipertiroidismo y embarazo, y se analizaron los resultados perinatales.
Resultados: Los resultados perinatales arrojaron que 66% (12 pacientes) de recién nacidos tuvieron restricción del crecimiento intrauterino, 41.6% tuvo prematurez y 41.6% desarrolló preeclampsia, cuatro de estas pacientes fueron asociadas a bocio.
Conclusiones: En nuestra experiencia encontramos que las complicaciones más frecuentes asociadas al hipertiroidismo son preeclampsia, prematurez y restricción del crecimiento intrauterino, por lo cual consideramos, además del control tiroideo, enfocar la atención en el cuidado prenatal y la predicción de riesgo para intervenir oportunamente en estas entidades.
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