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Órgano Oficial de la Asociación Dental Mexicana

2020, Número 4

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Rev ADM 2020; 77 (4)


Actualización de medicamentos asociados a necrosis avascular de los maxilares. Perspectiva y revisión de literatura

Ayala GDA, Miranda VJE, Torres CYJ, Uribe CA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 38
Paginas: 197-202
Archivo PDF: 244.25 Kb.


RESUMEN

La osteonecrosis de los maxilares está definida como la exposición de hueso necrótico en la región maxilofacial al menos por ocho semanas en pacientes que están recibiendo medicamentos antirresortivos para el tratamiento del cáncer primario o metastásico hacia el hueso, osteoporosis o enfermedad de Paget, sin historia previa de radiación. Desde el año 2003, la terminología utilizada estaba en relación con los bifosfonatos, en la actualidad ha sido introducido el término osteonecrosis de los maxilares relacionada por medicamentos (OMAM). La cirugía oral (implantología o cirugía periapical) incrementa el riesgo de OMAM, así como los desbalances concomitantes de la salud oral (inflamación dental y formación de abscesos). Las estrategias conservadoras en el tratamiento varían desde el cuidado local conservador hasta la resección quirúrgica radical del hueso necrótico. En el presente artículo se expone un análisis sistemático retrospectivo de la literatura en páginas como PubMed, ScienceDirect y Springer, Cochrane Library. Con el objetivo de resaltar el aumento de la incidencia de OMAM a nivel mundial con el uso de antirresortivos y otros medicamentos asociados en su patogenia en el Hospital Regional «General Ignacio Zaragoza» del ISSSTE, UNAM, en la Ciudad de México.


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