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2020, Número 3

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Cuba y Salud 2020; 15 (3)


SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV y SARS-CoV-2: lo que se sabe de estos coronavirus epidémicos

Piamo MAJ, García RM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 91
Paginas: 64-75
Archivo PDF: 1706.16 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo: organizar la información disponible sobre el comportamiento de los tres coronavirus causantes de grandes epidemias mortales: SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV y SARS-CoV-2.
Desarrollo: la información se recopiló mediante una búsqueda en PubMed de publicaciones en idioma inglés (90). Se utilizaron las palabras clave: “coronavirus”, “pandemic”, “SARS CoV”, “MERSCoV”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “clinical manifestations”, “fatality rate” y “diagnosis” en varias combinaciones, en artículos publicados desde 2011 hasta 2020. SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV y SARS-CoV-2 son los agentes causales de grandes epidemias con altas tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad. Los tres virus tienen similitudes genómicas, clínicas y epidemiológicas; suelen manifestarse con síntomas respiratorios que pueden evolucionar desde las formas clínicas leves hasta las graves, con altas tasas de letalidad en poblaciones específicas.
Conclusiones: dado que SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV y SARS-CoV-2 son coronavirus, con características similares respecto a su genoma, comportamiento epidemiológico y manifestaciones clínicas, las medidas de contención y el tratamiento poblacional e individual de la COVID-19 deben asumirse a partir de las experiencias de las dos primeras epidemias: el síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS) y el síndrome respiratorio del Medio Oriente (MERS).


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