Arenas-Rojas AM, Gómez-Alzate DT, Sánchez-Peñaranda MM, Ortiz-Lizcano CJ

Language: Spanish
References: 11
Page: 170-176
PDF size: 678.20 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Background: Tuberculosis is a common disease that causes considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. Colombia has an intermediate incidence of 25 cases per 100,000 inhabitants and about 6.5% of new cases occur in the pediatric population, who are at increased risk of disseminated disease and extrapulmonary forms.
Clinical case: 6-year-old male patient with left cervical mass of one month of evolution, associated with severe malnutrition, hepatosplenomegaly, ascites, scrotal edema and grade III edema in the lower limbs. The CT scan showed right paratracheal, right pulmonary hilum and subcarinal lymph node groups, and retroperitoneal and mesenteric lymph node conglomerate, with secondary extrinsic compression of the inferior vena cava, with subsequent finding of deep vein thrombosis in the left lower limb. The pathology study confirmed the diagnosis of disseminated lymph node tuberculosis and oncologic disease was ruled out.
Conclusion: Since there are few records in the literature linking inferior vena cava syndrome and deep vein thrombosis with lymph node tuberculosis, its diagnosis is a challenge. A high incidence of tuberculosis persists in Colombia due to multiple sociocultural factors. Health personnel must always be alert and keep tuberculosis in mind among the diagnostic possibilities; it should be suspected, even in the case of uncommon manifestations, in order to reach a timely diagnosis and treatment.

REFERENCES

1. Reto Valiente L, Pichilingue Reto C, Pichilingue Prieto O, Dolores Cerna K. Tuberculosis abdominal en niños y adolescentes. Un desafío diagnóstico. Rev Gastroenterol Peru 2015; 35 (4): 318-22. https://www.revistagastroperu.com/ index.php/rgp/article/view/97

2. Hernández-Porras M, González-Saldaña N, Cristerna- Tarrasa GH, Jorge-Chang EA, Sifuentes-López DE, Morales- Acevedo JA, et al. Causa inusual de masa submaxilar en un escolar inmunocompetente. Rev Latin Infect Pediatr 2018; 31 (4): 167-70. https://www.medigraphic.com/cgi-bin/ new/resumen.cgi?IDARTICULO=85164

3. Fonseca EV, Imbachí LF, Márquez KC, Camacho G. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Colombian children: Epidemiological and clinical data in a reference hospital. Int J Mycobacteriol 2017; 6: 132-7. https://doi.org/10.4103/ ijmy.ijmy_65_17

4. Fanlo P, Tiberio G. Tuberculosis extrapulmonar. An Sist Navar 2007; 30 (Supl.2): 143-62. https://recyt.fecyt.es/ index.php/ASSN/article/view/2064

5. Azzeddine R, El Yassir FZ, Jeddi Y, Hammi S. Tuberculosis and thromboembolic disease in a pediatric case: causal link or fortuitous association. PAMJ Clinical Medicine 2020; 3 (167). https://www.clinical-medicine.panafrican-medjournal. com/content/article/3/167/full

6. Audu CO, Wakefield TW, Coleman DM. Pediatric Deep venous thrombosis. Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders 2019; 7 (3): 452-62. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.jvsv.2018.12.012

7. Vázquez GL, Vásquez JR, Guerra C, González I, Sosa D. Factores de riesgo asociados a la trombosis venosa profunda en niños. Mul Med 2019; 23 (6): 1262-77. https://www.medigraphic.com/cgi-bin/new/resumen. cgi?IDARTICULO=96196

8. Danwang C, Bigna JJ, Awana AP, Nzalie RNT, Robert A. Global epidemiology of venous thromboembolism in people with active tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2021; 51: 502-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-020-02211-7

9. Goldenberg N, Bernard T. Venous thromboembolism in children. Hematol Oncol Clin N Am 2010; 24: 151-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hoc.2009.11.005

10. Borjas-Howard JF, Bierman WFW, Mejier K, Van der Werf TS, Tichelaar YIGV. Venous thrombotic events in patients admitted to a tuberculosis centre. QJM 2017; 110 (4): 215- 18. https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcw152

11. Tshifularo N, Arnold M, Moore S. Thromboembolism and venous thrombosis of the deep veins in surgical children- an increasing challenge? J Ped Surg 2011; 46: 433-36. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2010.10.003