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ISSN 2070-8718 (Print)

2018, Number 2

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Rev Cub Gen 2018; 12 (2)

Genetic and epidemiological approach of the hypertensive population in a primary health care office in Havana, Cuba

Iglesias RMB, Lardoeyt FR, Moreno PLM, Frontela RV, Hernández MPS

Language: Spanish
References: 20
Page: 1-15
PDF size: 161.30 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: hypertension is a multifactorial disease and an important health problem worldwide due to its high prevalence and its relationship with the main causes of death and disability. Epidemiology and genetics promote actions for the individual and the population in order to assess the effect of genetic predisposition to the disease and its interaction with the environment.
Objective: to determine the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the onset of hypertension.
Methods: a combined study was carried out: cross-sectional-observational study (reviewing the biodemographic variables), and to identify the risk factors a classic case-control design (observational analytical, longitudinal retrospective), taking the population who attended # 5 Doctor’s Office, belonging to “19 de abril” Polyclinic, Plaza de la Revolución Municipality, Havana, Cuba, between 2013 and 2015. The sample included 88 cases and 179 controls and it was chosen by a simple random sampling.
Results: family aggregation in hypertensive patients was analyzed. Having hypertensive firstdegree relatives increased the risk of suffering from disease four (4) times. Cerebrovascular, cardiovascular and peripheral vascular complications were the most observed in first-degree relatives of hypertensive patients. Obesity raised the risk of suffering from hypertension by 3.78 times. People with low physical activity showed 9 times greater risk of developing the disease.
Conclusions: genes and the environment play an important role on the onset of the disease, determining which medical decision-making has the leading role, to achieve an individualized, precise or personalized medicine.


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