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Colegio de Medicos y Cirujanos República de Costa Rica

2020, Number 629

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Rev Med Cos Cen 2020; 86 (629)

Rol del laboratorio clínico ante la epidemia del COVID-19: revisión de los métodos diagnósticos disponibles y sus limitaciones

Ramírez-Truque M, Herrera-Morice M

Language: Spanish
References: 15
Page: 73-80
PDF size: 151.31 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome caused by the coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or COVID-19 is one of the main health problems the world is facing right now. This virus is very similar to others from the betacoronavirus family which are known for being responsible of epidemic outbreaks in the past (SARS in 2003 and MERS in 2012). The diagnosis of COVID-19 is based on the detection of specific genetic material of this virus in respiratory samples of possible infected patients. The sampling technique of the health care workers, the type of sample selected, the day of the disease evolution on which the sample is taken, pre-analytical variables and the method limitations are important factors that can lead to a false negative result. The serological test can be used as a complementary test for the diagnosis in cases that the RT-PCR has repetitive negative results, for epidemiological studies and for testing of high-risk groups. The high demand of molecular tests all around the world can lead to shortage of this diagnostic tools, so the country needs to be prepared and have a variety of methods and platforms for this viral testing so that the country can continue applying the correct prevention controls of this pandemic disease and take new decisions based on the best and precise information available of the virus behavior in our population.


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