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2020, Number 3

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Rev Cub Med Int Emerg 2020; 19 (3)

Current evidence and emergency-related implications of apneic oxygenation

Arévalo-Martínez Y, González-Oñate JD, Frías-Ruiz M, Morales-Núñez MA, Moscote-Salazar LR

Language: Spanish
References: 22
Page: 1-15
PDF size: 237.62 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Apneic oxygenation is a technique whose purpose is to administer oxygen through a nasal cannula. It lengthens the desaturation period and reduces the risk of hypoxia during endotracheal intubation.
Objective: To describe the physiological bases of the apneic oxygenation technique, its uses and the current evidence for and against its use in the emergency department. Evidence acquisition: We carried out bibliographic search of materials published until August 2018, which included original articles, review articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical trials. The databases used were Pubmed, EBSCO host, Science direct, Clinical Key, and SCOPUS. We took into account articles in English and in Spanish published in the last five years and about the current evidence on the use of apneic oxygenation in the emergency department. We chose 22 articles.
Results: During endotracheal intubation, one of the most serious adverse effects is oxygen desaturation. Recently, the apneic oxygenation technique has been studied, which has been shown to maintain oxygen saturation above 90%. However, these studies have had limitations regarding population, a reason why the use of the apneic oxygenation technique in the emergency department remains controversial.
Conclusions: Apneic oxygenation is a potentially relevant tool for advanced management of the airways in case of emergency. However, its use outside and in the hospital setting is currently a controversial issue; therefore, studies are required to demonstrate its efficacy in reducing the frequency of desaturation and associated complications, compared to methods previously used.


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