medigraphic.com
ISSN 1561-3046 (Electronic)

2020, Number 4

<< Back Next >>

Rev Cub Med Mil 2020; 49 (4)

Effects a multicomponent program on the frailty and quality of life of institutionalized older adults

Concha-Cisternas Y, Contreras-Reyes S, Monjes B, Recabal B, Guzmán-Muñoz E

Language: Spanish
References: 37
Page:
PDF size: 349.26 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Aging is related to a higher prevalence of frailty and deterioration in quality of life. There is also a loss of autonomy, which increases institutionalization.
Objective: To determine the effects of a multicomponent physical training program, on frailty and quality of life in institutionalized older adults.
Methodology: Pre-experimental, longitudinal study that evaluated 28 institutionalized older adults (17 women and 11 men). The sample was selected using an intentional non-probabilistic criterion. A multicomponent training program (aerobic resistance, muscular strength, balance and flexibility) was carried out for 6 weeks, before and after the fragility was evaluated based on the phenotype scale proposed by Fried and the quality of life with the World Health Organization questionnaire Quality of Life - Older Adults (WHOQoL-OLD). The Student's t-test was applied to make the comparisons and the effect size was calculated. An alpha level of 0.05 was used.
Results: After participating in the multicomponent exercise program, older adults showed significant improvements in the frailty index (p = 0.007; d = 0.36). The quality of life showed statistically significant changes in the dimensions Past, present and future activities (p = 0.018; d = 0.53), Social Participation (p = 0.003; d = 0.53) and Intimacy (p = 0.005; d = 0.36) after completing a multi-component exercise program. The overall quality of life of the participants also showed significant changes (p = 0.007; d = 0.65).
Conclusion: A 6-week multi-component physical training program improved the frailty and quality of life of institutionalized older adults.


REFERENCES

  1. Troncoso Pantoja C. Alimentación del adulto mayor según lugar de residencia. Horizonte Médico. 2017[acceso: 08/06/2020];17(3):58-64. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2017.v17n3.10

  2. Verdijk LB, Snijders T, Holloway TM, Van Kranenburg J, Van Loon LJC. Resistance Training Increases Skeletal Muscle Capillarization in Healthy Older Men. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2016[acceso: 08/06/2020];48(11):2157-64. DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001019

  3. Cristobal RV, González-Moro IM, Ros E, Cárceles FA. Evolución de la fuerza, flexibilidad, equilibrio, resistencia y agilidad de mujeres mayores activas en relación con la edad. European journal of human movement. 2012[acceso: 08/06/2020];(29):29-47. Disponible en: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=4775211

  4. Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, Newman AB, Hirsch C, Gottdiener J, et al. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001[acceso: 08/06/2020];56(3):M146-M57. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/56.3.M146

  5. Morley JE, Vellas B, Van Kan GA, Anker SD, Bauer JM, Bernabei R, et al. Frailty consensus: a call to action. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2013[acceso: 08/06/2020];14(6):392-7. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2013.03.022

  6. Jacoby E, Goldstein J, López A, Núñez E, López T. Social class, family, and life-style factors associated with overweight and obesity among adults in Peruvian cities. Preventive medicine. 2003[acceso: 08/06/2020];37(5):396-405. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0091-7435(03)00159-2

  7. Celis-Morales C, Salas C, Álvarez C, Aguilar Farías N, Ramírez Campillos R, Leppe J, et al. Un mayor nivel de actividad física se asocia a una menor prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en Chile: resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2009-2010. Rev Med Chile. 2015[acceso: 08/06/2020];143:1435-43. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872015001100009

  8. Cadore EL, Casas-Herrero A, Zambom-Ferraresi F, Idoate F, Millor N, Gómez M, et al. Multicomponent exercises including muscle power training enhance muscle mass, power output, and functional outcomes in institutionalized frail nonagenarians. Age. 2014[acceso: 08/06/2020];36(2):773-85. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-013-9586-z

  9. Casas-Herrero A, Izquierdo M, editors. Physical exercise as an efficient intervention in frail elderly persons. An Sist Sanit Navar. 2012[acceso: 08/06/2020];35(1):69-85. DOI: 10.4321/s1137-66272012000100007

  10. Izquierdo M. Multicomponent physical exercise program: Vivifrail. Nutr Hosp. 2019[acceso: 08/06/2020];36(Extra 2):50-56. DOI: 10.20960/nh.02680

  11. Molina GC, Vallejos FC, Quiroz NS, Cisternas YC. Efectos de un programa de estimulación físico-cognitiva sobre la autopercepción de la funcionalidad en adultos mayores. Revista Ciencias de la Actividad Física. 2017[acceso: 08/06/2020];18(2):1-12. Disponible en: http://revistacaf.ucm.cl/article/view/115

  12. Herrero ÁC, Cadore EL, Velilla NM, Redin MI. El ejercicio físico en el anciano frágil: una actualización. Rev Esp Geria y Gerontol. 2015[acceso: 08/06/2020];50(2):74-81. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regg.2014.07.003

  13. Concha-Cisternas Y, Guzman-Muñoz E, Marzuca-Nassr G. Efectos de un programa de ejercicio físico combinado sobre la capacidad funcional de mujeres mayores sanas en Atención Primaria de Salud. Fisioterapia. 2017[acceso: 08/06/2020];39(5):195-201. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ft.2017.03.002

  14. Orme JG, Reis J, Herz EJ. Factorial and discriminant validity of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Journal of clinical psychology. 1986[acceso: 08/06/2020];42(1):28-33. Disponible en: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/19211952_Factorial_and_discriminant_validity_of_the_Center_for_Epidemiological_Studies_Depression_CES-D_scale

  15. Washburn RA, Smith KW, Jette AM, Janney CA. The Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE): development and evaluation. Journal of clinical epidemiology. 1993[acceso: 08/06/2020];46(2):153-62. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/0895-4356(93)90053-4

  16. Urzúa A, Navarrete M. Calidad de vida en adultos mayores: análisis factoriales de las versiones abreviadas del WHOQoL-Old en población chilena. Rev Med Chile. 2013[acceso: 08/06/2020];141(1):28-33. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872013000100004

  17. Fleck M, Chachamovich E, Trentini CM. Projeto WHOQOL-OLD: método e resultados de grupos focais no Brasil. Revista de Saúde Pública. 2003[acceso: 08/06/2020];37(6):793-9. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102003000600016

  18. Casas Herrero A, Izquierdo M. Ejercicio físico como intervención eficaz en el anciano frágil. An Sist Sanit Navar. 2012[acceso: 08/06/2020];35(1):69-85. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S1137-66272012000100007

  19. Cadore EL, Moneo ABB, Mensat MM, Muñoz AR, Casas-Herrero A, Rodríguez-Mañas L, et al. Positive effects of resistance training in frail elderly patients with dementia after long-term physical restraint. Age. 2014[acceso: 08/06/2020];36(2):801-11. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-013-9599-7

  20. Tanaka H, Seals DR. Endurance exercise performance in Masters athletes: age-associated changes and underlying physiological mechanisms. The Journal of physiology. 2008[acceso: 08/06/2020];586(1):55-63. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2007.141879

  21. Borg GA. Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1982[acceso: 08/06/2020];14:377-381. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-198205000-00012

  22. Izquierdo M, Cadore EL. Muscle power training in the institutionalized frail: a new approach to counteracting functional declines and very late-life disability. Curr Med Res Opin. 2014[acceso: 08/06/2020];30(7):1385-90. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1185/03007995.2014.908175

  23. Johnson AW, Mitchell UH, Meek K, Feland JB. Hamstring flexibility increases the same with 3 or 9 repetitions of stretching held for a total time of 90 s. Phys Ther Sport. 2014[acceso: 08/06/2020];15(2):101-5. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2013.03.006

  24. Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2 ed. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1988. [acceso: 08/06/2020]. Disponible en: Disponible en: https://books.google.es/books?hl=es&lr=&id=gkalyqTMXNEC&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=J.+C.+Statistical+Power+Analysis+for+the+Behavioral+Sciences.+second+ed:+Lawrence+Erlbaum+Associates%3B+1988.&ots=tRKQ_6nb9e&sig=IRTt2Iu76N_VD_-U-zSZg7GJpWo#v=onepage&q&f=false

  25. Daniels R, van Rossum E, de Witte L, Kempen GI, van den Heuvel W. Interventions to prevent disability in frail community-dwelling elderly: a systematic review. BMC health services research. 2008[acceso: 08/06/2020];8(1):278. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-8-278

  26. Tarazona-Santabalbina FJ, Gómez-Cabrera MC, Pérez-Ros P, Martínez-Arnau FM, Cabo H, Tsaparas K, et al. A multicomponent exercise intervention that reverses frailty and improves cognition, emotion, and social networking in the community-dwelling frail elderly: a randomized clinical trial. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2016[acceso: 08/06/2020];17(5):426-33. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2016.01.019

  27. Rodriguez-Mañas L, Fried LP. Frailty in the clinical scenario. The Lancet. 2015[acceso: 08/06/2020];385(9968):e7-e9. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61595-6

  28. Rodríguez-Mañas L, Féart C, Mann G, Viña J, Chatterji S, Chodzko-Zajko W, et al. Searching for an operational definition of frailty: a Delphi method based consensus statement. The frailty operative definition-consensus conference project. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2013[acceso: 08/06/2020];68(1):62-7. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61595-6

  29. Wood RH, Reyes R, Welsch MA, Favaloro-Sabatier J, Sabatier M, Lee CM, et al. Concurrent cardiovascular and resistance training in healthy older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001[acceso: 08/06/2020];33(10):1751-8. Disponible en: https://journals.lww.com/corr/00005768-200110000-00021.fulltext

  30. Sale D, Jacobs I, MacDougall J, Garner S. Comparison of two regimens of concurrent strength and endurance training. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1990[acceso: 08/06/2020];22(3):348-56. Disponible en: https://europepmc.org/abstract/med/2381303

  31. Justine M, Hamid TA, Kamalden TFT, Ahmad Z. A multicomponent exercise program's effects on health-related quality of life of institutionalized elderly. Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation. 2010[acceso: 08/06/2020];26(1):70-9. DOI: 10.1097/TGR.0b013e3181cd6949

  32. Justine M, Hamid TA, Mohan V, Jagannathan M. Effects of multicomponent exercise training on physical functioning among institutionalized elderly. Rehabilitation. 2012[acceso: 08/06/2020];2012: 1-12. Disponible en: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn/2012/124916/

  33. Bonet J, Parrado E, Capdevila L. Efectos agudos del ejercicio físico sobre el estado de ánimo y la HRV. Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física del Deporte. 2017[acceso: 08/06/2020]; 65: 85-100. DOI: 10.15366/rimcafd2017.65.006

  34. Arruza Gabilondo JA, Arribas Galarraga S, Gil de Montes Echaide ML, Irazusta Adarraga S, Romero Granados S, Cecchini Estrada JA. Repercusiones de la duración de la actividad físico-deportiva sobre el bienestar psicológico. Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte. 2008[acceso: 08/06/2020];8(30):171-183. Disponible en: http://digibuo.uniovi.es/dspace/bitstream/10651/7503/1/25102_4.pdf

  35. Shrihari TG. Endorphins A forgotten hidden magic holistic healer: Minireview. Advanced complement and alternative medicine. 2018[acceso: 08/06/2020];2(5):1-4. Disponible en: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Endorphins-A-Forgotten-Hidden-Magic-Holistic-Mini-Tg/0761b35fe37bc5399a947d9515c1a5f8e9f3c296

  36. Dechamps A, Diolez P, Thiaudière E, Tulon A, Onifade C, Vuong T, et al. Effects of exercise programs to prevent decline in health-related quality of life in highly deconditioned institutionalized elderly persons: a randomized controlled trial. Archives of internal medicine. 2010[acceso: 08/06/2020];170(2):162-9. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2009.489

  37. Vilani Medeiros de Araujo Nunes RMPdM, Joao C. Alchieri. Administracio´n del test WHOQOL-OLD para evaluar la calidad de vida de los ancianos residentes en centros de larga estancia. Psicogeriatria; 2011[acceso 08/06/2020];3(1):177-85. Disponible en: https://www.viguera.com/sepg/pdf/revista/0304/304_0177_0185.pdf




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com