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2021, Number 3

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Rev Mex Traspl 2021; 10 (3)

Weight variation at 12 months post-kidney transplantation and its effect on cardiovascular risk

Thomas-Fonseca G, Cano-Cervantes H, Hernández-Estrada S, Díaz-Avendaño O, Alamilla-Sánchez M, García-Macas V

Language: Spanish
References: 26
Page: 86-94
PDF size: 315.37 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a growing global problem with high mortality. Although successful kidney transplantation significantly reduces cardiovascular risk, kidney transplant recipients still have a 3.5% to 5% annual rate of cardiovascular events. The objective of this study is to know the effect of weight variation after kidney transplantation on cardiovascular risk. Material and methods: Observational, analytical, retrospective study in patients with kidney transplantation. The patients were characterized according to the variation in their weight, considering three groups: weight loss (GPP), weight stability (GEP), and weight gain (GGP). Weight gain > 3% of baseline weight was considered "gain". The dry weight per day after kidney transplantation was considered as the baseline. We compared cardiovascular risk before and at 12 months. The graft function was monitored by calculating the glomerular filtration rate with the CKD-EPI formula. Results: Pretransplant and 12-month weight were compared, finding a significant difference in the total population, 69.65 ± 16.77, and 70.69 ± 15.26 kg (p = 0.05), respectively. At three months, 27 patients had an average weight loss of 7 kilograms (kg). Eleven patients were found to gain more than 3% of basal weight, with an average gain of 3.29 kilograms. 37% of the patients remained stable in weight. The cardiovascular risk was evaluated before performing the kidney transplant with QRISK3, finding a risk for cardiovascular event greater than 10 years of 2%, a relative risk of 4.7%, the cardiac age was calculated finding a median of 46 years. At 12 months, the risk was revalued with the same tool, finding a 1.2% decrease in the risk of a cardiovascular event greater than 10 years, with a relative risk of 2.3% and a cardiac age of 41 years (p = 0.026). Statistical significance was observed in the number of antihypertensive drugs used before and after transplantation (p = 0.001). Observing a decrease in antihypertensive drugs from the first month after transplantation. Conclusions: A weight loss was observed during the first three months post transplantation, to later start with a gain in weight, this mainly related to younger patients. A significant decrease in the use of antihypertensive drugs was observed during the first month. Post-transplant weight gain was not related to major cardiovascular events.


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