Alonso-Galbán P, Alemañy-Castilla C

Language: Spanish
References: 15
Page: 45-46
PDF size: 22.04 Kb.

Text Extraction

As the COVID-19 health crisis engulfs the planet, we are submerged in a parallel pandemic: the glut of misinformation and disinformation. The data associated with this phenomenon are creating a disaster within a disaster. In early April 2020, the Spanish news agency EFE[1] reported that over one million internet accounts were dedicated to rumor-mongering, spreading unverifi ed information about the coronavirus. From January through April 13, fact-checkers at Maldita.es[2] had tracked over 400 lies and false alerts circulated about COVID-19 in Spain alone.
Misinformation and disinformation—the latter with intent to misinform—describe ideas and information disseminated by individuals, organizations and media that are not supported by facts. [3–5] They have been used to deliberately infl uence the evolution of political, economic and social events or trends.[3] And their appearance is not new in the health arena.

REFERENCES

1. EFE. Más de millón y medio de cuentas difunden en redes noticias falsas sobre COVID-19 [Internet]. Madrid: EFE Edición España; 2020 [cited 2020 Apr 15]. Available at: https://www.efe.com/efe/espana/portada/mas-de-millon-y-medio -cuentas-difunden-en-redes-noticias-falsas-sobre-covid-19/10010-4213948. Spanish.

2. Maldita.es. El coronavirus y sus bulos: 449 mentiras, alertas falsas y desinformaciones sobre COVID-19 [Internet]. Spain: Maldita.es; 2020 Apr 16 [cited 2020 Apr 16]. Available at: https://maldita.es/malditobulo/2020/04/10/coronavirus -bulos-pandemia-prevenir-virus/. Spanish.

3. Pangrazio L. ¿Qué hay de nuevo en las noticias falsas? Alfabetizaciones digitales críticas en la era de las noticias falsas, la posverdad y el cebo de clics. Páginas Edu [Internet]. 2018 Apr 4 [cited 2020 Apr 15];11(1):6–22. Available at: https://revistas.ucu.edu.uy/index.php/paginasdeeducacion/article/ view/1551. Spanish.

4. Rodríguez CA. La manufactura del engaño: desinformación y noticias falsas en #Verifi cado2018. In: Sierra Caballero F, Toussaint F, editors. Economía política y medios digitales. Salamanca: Comunicación Social; 2020. p. 207–27. Spanish.

5. Martens B, Aguiar L, Gómez-Herrera E, Mueller-Langer F. The digital transformation of news media and the rise of disinformation and fake news: An economic perspective. Digital Economy Working Paper 2018-02; JRC Technical Reports [Internet]. Seville: European Commission, Joint Research Center; 2018 Apr [cited 2020 Apr 15]. 57 p. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/com munities/sites/jrccties/files/dewp_201802_digital_transformation_of_news _media_and_the_rise_of_fake_news_fi nal_180418.pdf

6. World Health Organization. Informe sobre los resultados de la OMS. Presupuestos por programas 2018-2019. Examen de mitad de periodo [Internet]. Geneva: Organización Mundial de la Salud; 2019 [cited 2020 Apr 15]. 96 p. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/328788/A72_35 -sp.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. Spanish.

7. Eysenbach G. Infodemiology: tracking fl u-related searches on the web for syndromic surveillance. AMIA Annu Symp Proc. 2006:244-8.

8. United Nations [Internet]. New York: United Nations; c2020. COVID-19 Response. UN tackles ‘infodemic’ of misinformation and cybercrime in COVID-19 crisis; [date unknown; cited 2020 Apr 15]; [about 3 screens]. Available at: https://www.un.org/en/un-coronavirus-communications-team/un-tackling -%E2%80%98infodemic%E2%80%99-misinformation-and-cybercrime -covid-19

9. World Health Organization. WHO Information Network for Epidemics [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019–2020 [updated 2020 Jan 22; cited 2020 Apr 15]. 15 p. Available at: https://www.who.int/docs/ default-source/coronaviruse/risk-comms-updates/update-1-epi-win-ncov-0 .pdf?sfvrsn=c26880ae_2

10. Telesurtv.net [Internet]. Caracas: Telesur; c2020. Noticias. América Latina. Cuba inicia entrega gratuita de píldora para prevenir el VIH; 2019 Apr 3 [cited 2020 Apr 15]. Available at: https://www.telesurtv.net/news/cuba-pildoras-pre vencion-vih-programa-entrega-gratuita-20190403-0025.html. Spanish.

11. EFE [Internet]. Madrid: EFE; c2020. EFE Edición América. Sociedad. CUBA SIDA. Cuba comienza a entregar gratis la píldora preventiva del VIH; 2019 Apr 3 [cited 2020 Apr 15]. Available at: https://www.efe.com/efe/ america/sociedad/cuba-comienza-a-entregar-gratis-la-pildora-preventiva-del -vih/20000013-3943176. Spanish.

12. Granma. Inicia por Cárdenas uso de terapia preventiva del VIH [Internet]. Havana: Granma; 2019 [cited 2020 Apr 15]. Available at: http://www.granma .cu/cuba/2019-04-02/inicia-por-cardenas-uso-de-terapia-preventiva-del -vih-02-04-2019-22-04-53. Spanish.

13. Cubadebate [Internet]. Havana: Cubadebate; c2020. Noticias. Salud. Comenzó en Matanzas entrega de píldora preventiva del VIH; 2019 Apr 3 [cited 2020 Apr 15]. Available at: http://www.cubadebate.cu/noticias/2019/04/03/ cuba-comenzo-en-matanzas-entrega-de-pildora-preventiva-del-vih/#.XphsL ZkpDIU. Spanish.

14. Kemp S. DATAREPORTAL [Internet]. [place unknown]: Kepios; c2015–2017. Digital 2020: Cuba; 2020 Feb 17 [cited 2020 Apr 15]. Available at: https://da tareportal.com/reports/digital-2020-cuba?rq=cuba

15. Colomina C. Coronavirus: infodemia y desinformación [Internet]. Barcelona: Barcelona Center for International Affairs (CIDOB); 2020 Mar [cited 2020 Apr 15]. Available at: https://www.cidob.org/es/publicaciones/serie_de_publica cion/opinion/seguridad_y_politica_mundial/coronavirus_infodemia_y_des informacion. Spanish.