Trujillo VMG, Martínez MMR, Aragón POE, Domínguez AS, Sánchez GRA, Mazariego AMÁ

Language: Spanish
References: 11
Page: 16-20
PDF size: 294.74 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Parasitic infections affect more than 30% of the world’s population. Affects people of all ages, but it is mainly suffered by children. The objective was to identify the type of intestinal parasites and anemia in children.
Patients and methods. Children under 12 years of age from a rural community in Tapachula, Chiapas, were included. An interview was conducted with the parents to find out sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors, three serial stool samples and blood samples were taken.
Results. A general prevalence of parasitosis of 46.4% was found, the prevalence of protozoa was 98.7% and helminthes 1.3%. The most frequent parasite was Entamoeba histolytica (25.8%), followed by Entamoeba coli (21%), Giardia lamblia (19.4%) and Endolimax nana (14.5%). A significant difference (p = 0.001) was found in monoparasitism with 82.3% and polyparasitism in a lower percentage (17.7%). 11.6% of the children presented anemia of which 1.4% corresponds to anemia due to iron deficiency.
Discussion. Anemia was associated with the presence of parasitosis (p = 0.05). No associated risk factors were found in the study population, but paradoxically E. nana was found.

REFERENCES

1. Gutiérrez-Jiménez, J., Luna-Cazares, L.M.y Vidal, J.E., “Malnutrition and intestinal parasites: Mexico perspectives”, En V.R. Preedy y V.B. Patel (eds.), Handbook of famine, starvation, and nutrient deprivation, Cham, Springer, 2017, pp. 1-18.

2. Zavala, G.A., Rosado, J.L., Doak, C.M., Caamaño, M.D., Campos-Ponce, M., Ronquillo, D. et al., “Energy and food intake are associated with specific intestinal parasitic infections in children of rural Mexico”, Parasitol Int, 2017, 66 (6): 831-836.

3. World Health Organization, “Soil-transmitted helminth infections. Detail”, 2020. Disponible en: ,https://www. who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/soil-transmitted- helminth-infections.

4. Rodríguez-Sáenz A.Y., Mozo-Pacheco, S.A. y Mejía-Peñuelam L.E., “Parásitos intestinales y factores de riesgo en escolares de una institución educativa rural de Tunja (Colombia) en el año 2015”, Medicina & Laboratorio, 2017; 23 (3-4): 159-169.

5. Zavala, G.A., Van Dulm, E., Doak, C.M., García, O.P., Polman, K. y Campos-Ponce, M., “Ascariasis, amebiasis and giardiasis in Mexican children: distribution and geographical, environmental and socioeconomic risk factors”, Journal of Parasitic Diseases, 2020, 44 (4): 829-836.

6. Ávila-Rodríguez, E.H., Ávila-Rodríguez, A., Araujo-Contreras, J.M., Villarreal-Martínez, A. y Douglas, T., “Associated factors for intestinal parasitosis in children in an outpatient clinic”, Revista Mexicana de Pediatría, 2007, 74 (1): 5-8.

7. Amaro, M.I., Salcedo, D.J., Uris, M.K., Valero, K.N, Vergara, M.T., Cárdenas E. et al., “Intestinal parasitosis and risk factors in children, urban ambulatory tipe ii Dr. Agustín Zubillaga, Barquisimeto-Lara”, Archivos Venezolanos de Puericultura y Pediatría, 2011, 74 (2): 10-16.

8. Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social, “Informe de pobreza y evaluación en Chiapas”, México, Coneval, 2020.

9. Norma Oficial Mexicana nom-031-ssa2-1999, Para la atención a la salud del niño, México, Secretaría de Salud.

10. Mazariego, M.A., Alejandro, M.R., Ramírez, F.J. y Trujillo, M.G., “Prevalence of intestinal parasitosis in children or rural daycare in Chiapas”, Enf Inf Microbiol, 2020, 40 (2): 43-46.

11. Morales-Espinoza, E.M., Sánchez-Pérez, H.J., García-Gil, M.M., Vargas-Morales, G., Méndez-Sánchez, J.D. y Pérez-Ramírez, M., “Intestinal parasites in children, in highly deprived areas in the border region of Chiapas, Mexico”, Salud Pub Mex, 2003, 45 (5): 379-388.