Hernández CJR, Víquez QM, Valverde CK

Language: Spanish
References: 17
Page:
PDF size: 175.73 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Mycetoma is a chronic and progressive infectious disease (produced by bacteria or fungi) of the skin, which can include subcutaneous tissue and bone. Among the causal agents, there are 27 species of true fungi and 10 actinomycetes, the latter being the most common, specifically Nocardia brasiliensis. Mycetoma is an endemic disease of tropical and subtropical regions, in people between 30 and 40 years of age are affected in a ratio of up to 4:1 men/women. The habitat of the causal agent is the soil and it is inoculated by skin traumas; itmainly affects farmers and individuals who carry out outdoor activities, populations with low economic resources and rural areas, who do not use closed shoes or footwear. The clinical manifestation of mycetoma is characterized by the presence of confluent erythematous and/or violaceous nodules that can be associated with fistulas that produces blood-purulent secretions. The classic mycetoma triad consists of a painless subcutaneous mass, multiple fistulas with discharge, and grains of varying size, consistency, and color. The etiologic diagnosis of this disease is made by histology, fine-needle puncture and PCR. In most patients, the clinical manifestation is asymptomatic or mild; however, complications such as bacterial superinfection or extension to underlying structures can occur, producing periostitis and osteomyelitis. Cachexia and anemia can be seen in cases of late mycetoma, appear in conjunction with malnutrition, sepsis and depression. The effective treatment of mycetoma is based on an accurate and early diagnosis of the causative organisms of this pathology. Treatment options will depend on the causative agent.

REFERENCES

1. Del Pino, S. H., & Gaxiola, M. J. A. Micetoma, reporte de un caso. Folia Dermatológica Cubana. 2020; 11 (3): 1-7. http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1025-02552007000600013

2. Jiménez, A. I. N. Micetoma por Nocardia brasiliensis: a propósito de un caso. Folia Dermatológica Cubana. 2020; 13 (3): 1-7. http://www.revfdc.sld.cu/index.php/fdc/article/view/165#:~:text=Se%20indica%20toma%20de%20muestra,miembros%20superiores%20o%20la%20espalda.

3. Asial, S., Chavez, G. V., Danze, L., & Abeldaño, A. Micetoma por Acremonium. Dermatología Argentina. 2019; 25(4): 176-178. https://www.dermatolarg.org.ar/index.php/dermatolarg/article/download/1895/1053/131974

4. Emmanuel, P., Dumre, S. P., John, S., Karbwang, J., & Hirayama, K. Mycetoma: a clinical dilemma in resource limited settings. Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials. 2018; 17 (1): 1-10. https://ann-clinmicrob.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12941-018-0287-4

5. Campos Muñoz, M., Rodríguez Campos, D. D. L. C., Chacón Reyes, O. D., & Castañeda Urdaneta, F. A. Diagnóstico de un caso inusual de micetoma por Aspergillus. Revista Cubana de Medicina Militar. 2020; 49 (2): 1-10. http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0138-65572020000200011

6. Sigera, L. S. M., Narangoda, K. U. L., Dahanayake, M. Y., Shabri, U. L. F., Malkanthi, M. A., Jayasekera, P. I., & Kolambage, H. A. L. P.. Mycetoma due to Madurella mycetomatis. 2020; 21: 1-3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7283137/

7. Verma, P., & Jha, A. Mycetoma: reviewing a neglected disease. Clinical and experimental dermatology. 2019; 44(2): 123-129. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ced.13642

8. Correa, O. F. C., Sánchez, D. C. V., Hobak, L. R., & Guzmán, R. A. Micetoma. Informe de 174 casos estudiados en 30 años en el Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González de la Ciudad de México (1987-2017). Dermatología Cosmética, Médica y Quirúrgica. 2019; 16(4): 263-267.https://dcmq.com.mx/edici%C3%B3n-octubre-diciembre-2018-volumen-16-n%C3%BAmero-4/683-micetoma-informe-de-174-casos-estudiados-en-30-a%C3%B1os-en-el-hospital-general-dr-manuel-gea-gonz%C3%A1lez-de-la-ciudad-de-m%C3%A9xico-1987-2017#:~:text=Se%20diagnostic%C3%B3%20a%20174%20pacientes,en%202016%20(20%20casos).

9. Rochín-Tolosa, M., Rubio-Rodríguez, M. Z., Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, J. S., & Muñoz-Estrada, V. F. Micetoma actinomicetico, presentación de un caso. Rev Med UAS. 2020; 10 (2): 1-6. http://hospital.uas.edu.mx/revmeduas/articulos/v10/n2/micetoma.pdf

10. Wang, R., Yao, X., & Li, R. Mycetoma in China: a case report and review of the literature. Mycopathologia. 2019; 184(2): 327-334. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11046-019-00324-z

11. Ali, R. S., Newport, M. J., Bakhiet, S. M., Ibrahim, M. E., & Fahal, A. H.. Host genetic susceptibility to mycetoma. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2020; 14(4): 1-14. https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0008053

12. Velho, P. E. N. F., Drummond, M. R., Schreiber, A. Z., & Cintra, M. L. Mycetoma-like phaeohyphomycosis treated with terbinafine. 2020; 19: 1-2 Doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.idcr.2020.e00705

13. Ahmed, A. A., van de Sande, W., & Fahal, A. H. Mycetoma laboratory diagnosis. PLoS neglected tropical diseases. 2017; 11(8): 1-17. https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0005638#:~:text=Mycetoma%20is%20a%20unique%20neglected,disease%20treatment%20outcome%20and%20prognosis.

14. Fahal, A. H., Suliman, S. H., & Hay, R. Mycetoma: the spectrum of clinical presentation. Tropical medicine and infectious disease. 2018; 3 (3): 1-11. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed3030097

15. Bienvenu, A. L., & Picot, S. Mycetoma and chromoblastomycosis: perspective for diagnosis improvement using biomarkers Molecules. 2020; 25(11): 25-94. Doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390%2Fmolecules25112594

16. Mavura, D., Chapa, P., Sabushimike, D., Kini, L., & Hay, R. Mycetoma in Moshi, Tanzania. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2021; 115(4): 340-342. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/traa190

17. Van de Sande, W., Fahal, A., Ahmed, S. A., Serrano, J. A., Bonifaz, A., Zijlstra, E., & Eumycetoma Working Group. Closing the mycetoma knowledge gap. Medical mycology. 2018; 56 (0): 1-12. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myx061