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Revista Médica Sinergia

2022, Number 05

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Revista Médica Sinergia 2022; 7 (05)

Pathophysiology of pathological scarring

Cambronero UP, Cerdas FA, Chang CV

Language: Spanish
References: 15
Page:
PDF size: 187.54 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Wound healing is a process by which the skin regenerates after it suffers a traumatic event. Normal healing is divided into 3 phases: homeostasis-inflammation, deterioration, and maturation-remodeling. Different biological and molecular processes perfectly adapted to the formation of a scar are involved in these phases. In turn, if any of these is altered, pathological scars arise. Pathological scars include keloids and hypertrophic scars. These are fibrotic lesions, which are clinically characterized as erythematous, painful, and pruritic. The pathogenesis of these two forms of scarring is not completely understood, however, it is known that there is an imbalance between the catabolic and anabolic phases. Its formation will depend on systemic factors, genetic factors, and local mechanical stress. In addition, among the systemic factors that influence the appearance of pathological scarring are angiogenic balance factors, inflammatory/immunological factors, and endocrinological factors. As can be seen, it is not a single factor that defines the formation of keloids or pathological scars, but rather a set of determinants that causes their formation.


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