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2020, Number 2

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Rev Cub Gen 2020; 13 (2)

Epidemiological characterization of major congenital defects in Pinar del Rio

Travieso TA, Falcón FY, Cabrera RN, Sainz PL, Sainz PL, Licourt OD

Language: Spanish
References: 18
Page: 1-20
PDF size: 686.81 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Congenital anomalies are defined as abnormalities of body structure or function that are of prenatal origin. They are identified into the first causes of mortality and morbidity in the childhood.
Objective: To determine birth prevalence and adjusted frequency of major congenital anomalies in Pinar del Rio province from 2011 to 2018.
Methods: An epidemiological, observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was made in the universe of all newborns and fetal deaths. The sample included all congenital defects identified in live births, fetal deaths and termination of pregnancy. The birth prevalence, adjusted frequency and tendencies of both were estimated.
Results: In 2011 the birth prevalence of major congenital anomalies was maxim and after that it showed a stable behavior with tendency to decrease. The frequencies of five municipalities were higher than province frequency (18.59 per mil). The most frequent congenital defects were related to cardiovascular (4.435), nervous (3.138) and osteomioarticular (3.082) systems. Hydrocephaly (0.93), Gastroschisis (0.91), cleft lip (0.76), anencephaly (0.7) and spina bifida (0.5) were the most frequent congenital anomalies.
Conclusions: In general, the occurrence of major congenital defects in the province has maintained a stable behavior during the period studied. The most recurrent anomalies turned out to be open structural defects; that guide the development of future territorial epidemiological studies on risk factors probably involved in its origin.


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