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2021, Number 2

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Correo Científico Médico 2021; 25 (2)

Clinical-epidemiological behavior of idiopathic and tumorous hyperprolactinemia

Velázquez GY, Hernández GLE, Zaldívar LW, Pérez BAM, Pérez PA

Language: Spanish
References: 25
Page:
PDF size: 276.34 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Hyperprolactinemia is the most common disorder of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. It occurs due to an increase of the hormone prolactin in blood.
Objective: To characterize the behavior of the idiopathic and tumorous hyperprolactinemia.
Methods: A descriptive study of several cases was carried out in the endocrinology consultation at Vladimir Ilich Lenin Hospital, Holguín, Cuba, from January 2018 to June 2019. The universe was composed by all the women suffering from idiopathic and tumorous hyperprolactinemia; the sample consisted of 76 patients and it was intentionally selected. The hypothesis test for comparison of two proportions and chi-square were applied.
Results: Idiophathic hyperprolactinemia turned out to be predominant (57.9%); infertility was present in 22.4% of the patients and, in the case of the tumorous, menstrual disorders and galactorrhea (15.8%), with prolactins above 1000 mIU/mL. The average age in both groups was 32 when diagnosed. After 6 months of treatment, there was biochemical efficacy with Bromocriptine (5 mg/day) in 73.5%, and with Cabergoline (1 mg/week), in 90.5%. Digestive symptoms prevailed as adverse reactions with 44.8%.
Conclusions: There was a predominance of idiopathic hyperprolactinemia over the tumorous one, with no differences in age at diagnosis. The highest levels of prolactin were related to the tumorous hyperprolactinemia, in which menstrual disorder and galactorrhea were found to be the most common symptoms; whereas infertility was the most common symptom of the idiopathic type. Bromocriptine (5 mg/day) and Cabergoline (1 mg/week) were more effective than the other dosages used in each of these drugs. Digestive symptoms were the most common side effects.


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