Aguirre AKM, Leandro MMA, Ruiz-De Chacón VE

Language: English
References: 9
Page: 10-13
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The nasal turbinates, also called nasal shells, are attached to the lateral and/or superior walls of the nostril and can present several anatomical variations. Thus, we can mention the concha bullosa, the paradoxical curvature of the middle turbinate (both common anatomical variants) and the secondary middle turbinate, the latter in turn, can be pneumatized (very rare).
The term “concha bullosa” generally refers to pneumatization of the middle turbinate, however, pneumatization of the superior and inferior turbinates can also occur. Some authors mention it as a "variation in the pneumatization of the bone plate caused by an extension of the ethmoid cells" .

REFERENCES

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2. von Arx T., Lozanoff S., Bornstein M.M. Extraoral anatomy in CBCT – a literature review. Part 1: Nasoethmoidal region. Swiss Dent J. 2019 Oct 14; 129 (10): 804-15.

3. Al-Rawi N.H., Uthman A.T., Abdulhameed E., Al Nuaimi A.S., Seraj Z. Concha bullosa, nasal septal deviation, and their impacts on maxillary sinus volume among Emirati people: A cone-beam computed tomography study. Imaging Sci Dent. 2019 Mar; 49 (1): 45-51.

4. Sava C.J., Rusu M.C., Săndulescu M., Dincă D. Vertical and sagittal combinations of concha bullosa media and paradoxical middle turbinate. Surg Radiol Anat. 2018 Jul; 40 (7): 847-53.

5. Rusu M.C., Măru N., Sava C.J., Motoc A., Săndulescu M., Dincă D. The sagittal grooves of the middle nasal turbinate determine paradoxical curvatures and bifidities. Niger J Clin Pract. 2020 Apr; 23 (4): 464-9.

6. Shetty S.R., Al Bayatti S.W., Al-Rawi N.H., Kamath V., Reddy S., Narasimhan S., Al Kawas S., Madi M., Achalli S., Bhat S. The effect of concha bullosa and nasal septal deviation on palatal dimensions: a cone beam computed tomography study. BMC Oral Health. 2021 Nov 23; 21 (1): 607. doi: 10.1186/s12903-021-01974-6. PMID: 34814910; PMCID: PMC8609805.

7. Shetty S., Al Bayatti S., Al-Rawi N., Marei H., Reddy S., Abdelatty H., et al. Analysis of inferior nasal turbinate width and concha bullosa in subjects with nasal septum deviation: a cone beam tomography study. BMC Oral Health. 2021; 21 (206). doi: 10.1186/s12903-021-01576-2. PMID: 33894757; PMCID: PMC8066481.

8. Rusu M.C., Măru N., Sava C.J., Săndulescu M., Dincă D. Rare anatomic variation: Giant unilateral concha bullosa superior. Morphologie. 2019 Mar; 103 (341): 54-9.

9. Avsever H., Gunduz K., Karakoç O., Akyol M., Orhan K. Incidental findings on cone-beam computed tomographic images: paranasal sinus findings and nasal septum variations. Oral Radiol. 2018 Jan; 34 (1): 40-8.