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ISSN 2539-0859 (Electronic)
ISSN 0120-8411 (Print)
Asociación Colombiana de Otorrinolaringología y Cirugía de Cabeza y cuello, Maxilofacial y Estética Facial (ACORL)

2022, Number 4

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Acta de Otorrinolaringología CCC 2022; 50 (4)

Otolaryngological symptoms associated with positive RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 infection: a case-control study in Colombia

Pérez-Herrera LC, Moreno-López S, Pérez-García IC, Hernández C, Corredor-Rojas G, Ospina J, Vargas JP, Peñaranda D, Peñaranda A

Language: Spanish
References: 33
Page: 262-272
PDF size: 344.03 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Otolaryngological disorders in COVID-19 patients have drawn attention worldwide. However, there is still no consensus regarding the prevalence, severity or recovery of these disorders. This study aimed to assess the association between otolaryngological symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 positivity confirmed by RT-PCR, as well as the severity, duration, and recovery of these symptoms in patients receiving care at Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, a COVID-19 referral hospital in Bogotá, Colombia. Methods: Observational, analytic, prospective, case-control study conducted between October 9, 2020, and January 14, 2021. Cases included adults who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Cases were matched in a 2:1 ratio with randomly selected symptomatic adults with a negative test, or patients awaiting surgery. Results: Of 10004 patients tested for SARS-CoV-2, 130 cases and 253 controls were included. The mean age was 41.8 years (standard deviation [SD]: 16.3). The otolaryngological symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 positivity were anosmia/hyposmia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 5.82; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.92-17.68), dysgeusia/ hypogeusia (aOR: 9.09; 95% CI: 2.86-28.92), and dry cough (aOR: 3.18; 95% CI: 1.56-6.48). The median duration of anosmia/hyposmia and dysgeusia/hypogeusia in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients was 14.5 days and 15 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 8-27), respectively. Up to 70.3% and 67.5% of the population reported a complete recovery of anosmia/hyposmia and dysgeusia/hypogeusia. Regarding the severity of anosmia/hyposmia and dysgeusia/hypogeusia symptoms, 62.1% and 65.4% of the SARS-CoV-2 positive population classified them as severe. However, only 6.1% of them received treatment for these symptoms. Conclusions: Otolaryngological symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 positivity are a useful guide to diagnosis, although adequate treatment also requires determination of their clinical characteristics.


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