medigraphic.com
Revista Médica Sinergia

2023, Number 04

<< Back Next >>

Revista Médica Sinergia 2023; 8 (04)

Leser-Trélat sign

Orozco PFV, Hernández CMP, Alens CC

Language: Spanish
References: 15
Page:
PDF size: 166.34 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The Leser-Trélat sign refers to the appearance of eruptive seborrheic keratoses associated with the diagnosis of an internal malignancy. Gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas, breast cancer, and lymphoproliferative disorders or lymphomas are the most implicated neoplasms.
It occurs more frequently in patients older than 60 years, its appearance in a young population suggestive of more aggressive cancers. The etiopathogenesis is unknown. The currently accepted theory proposes that the underlying neoplasm releases cytokines and growth factors that induce epithelial-epidermal hyperplasia.
Clinically it manifests as well-defined pigmented macules, papules or plaques, of variable color (usually brown or black), pruritic, whose predominant location is the trunk, creating a pattern similar to a “Christmas tree”. Any patient in whom the Leser-Trélat sign is suspected should be thoroughly evaluated by taking a complete medical history, laboratory tests, and imaging studies aimed at detecting internal neoplasms. The treatment consists of the diagnosis and management of the associated cancer, which promotes the disappearance of half of the seborrheic keratoses.
A review of the Leser-Trélat sign is presented to recognize its clinical characteristics and highlight the need to rule out the presence of malignant neoplasms in those patients who manifest eruptive seborrheic keratoses, allowing timely diagnoses.


REFERENCES

  1. Bernett C, Schmieder G. Leser Trelat Sign. StatPearls Publishing. [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022, Nov 22]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470554/

  2. Wick MR, Patterson JW. Cutaneous paraneoplastic syndromes. Semin Diagn Pathol. [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022, Nov 22];36(4):211-28. DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2019.01.001.

  3. Alsaif F, Alkhayal FA, Aldahash R, Alhumaidi A. Leser-Trélat Sign Presenting in a Patient with Relapsing Mycosis Fungoides. Case Rep Oncol. [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2022, Nov 30];11(2):436-41. DOI: 10.1159/000490527.

  4. Aouali S, Bensalem S, Saddouk H, Aissaoui A, Bennani A, Zizi N, Dikhaye S. Leser-Trelat sign preceding male breast cancer. Ann Med Surg. [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022, Nov 30];72:103065. DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.103065.

  5. Mulero-Soto P, Sánchez-Vivaldi J, Rovira O, Arocho J, Pereira-Torrellas G, Martínez-Trabal J, et al. Case report of Leser-Trelat sign as sequela of an atypical inflammatory process. Int J Surg Case Rep. [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022, Dec 02];92(2022):106833. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.106833.

  6. Sánchez López JD, Gómez E, Rodríguez J. Signo de Leser-Trelat, ¿un predictor útil de neoplasias en atención primaria? SEMERGEN. [Internet]. 2021 [citado el 02 de diciembre, 2022];47(6):e45-46. DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2021.02.002

  7. Braga G, Zanetti G, Marchiori E. Signo de Leser-Trélat secundario a carcinoma tímico. Arch Bronconeumol. [Internet]. 2018 [citado el 02 de diciembre, 2022];54(5):286-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.arbr.2017.08.021

  8. Asri H, Soualhi M. The sign of leser-trélat: think in the adenocarcinoma of the lung. Pan Afr Med J. [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2022, Dec 02];30(270):1. DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2018.30.270.16337

  9. Ho CY, Chang CW, Chen GS, Lee WC, Chu CH. The Leser-Trelat Sign in an Elderly with Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Int Jour of Geron. [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2022, Dec 10];11(2):125-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijge.2016.07.005

  10. Garg R, Madan S, Prakash P, Chander R, Choudhary M. Leser-Trélat Syndrome in a Male with Breast Carcinoma and Eyelid Basal Cell Carcinoma. Ocul Oncol Pathol. [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2022, Dec 18];4(3):161-64. DOI: 10.1159/000481354.

  11. Pereira R, Carvalho SD, Cruz JF. Leser-Trélat sign in metastatic melanoma to pleura. BMJ Case Rep. [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022, Dec 26];12(4):e228834. DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-228834.

  12. Gori N, Esposito I, Del Regno L, D'Amore A, Peris K, Di Stefani A. Leser-Trélat sign as a rare manifestation of cutaneous melanoma. Dermatol Reports. [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2022, Dec 28];12(1):8665. DOI: 10.4081/dr.2020.8665.

  13. Park SH, Lee SH, Roh MR. Eruptive multiple seborrheic keratoses with a palm tree-like pattern without underlying malignancy. J Dermatol. [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2022, Dec 28];45(4):e92-e93. DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.14121.

  14. Chatge M, Lam J, States E. Lung adenocarcinoma presenting with sign of Leser-Trelat: a diagnostic clue? Chest Journal. [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022, Dec 28];161(6):310. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2021.12.340

  15. Sardon C, Dempsey T. The Leser-Trélat sign. Clevel Clin J Med. [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2023, Jan 02];84(12):918. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.84a.17021




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com