medigraphic.com
ISSN 1029-3043 (Electronic)

2021, Number 4

<< Back Next >>

Medicentro 2021; 25 (4)

Anxiety and fear of COVID-19 in student researchers from Falcón town, Villa Clara

Jiménez-Puig E, Pérez-Leiva BD, González-Cruz R

Language: Spanish
References: 39
Page: 621-638
PDF size: 457.57 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: COVID-19 has generated serious consequences on humans' mental health, and has caused psychological reactions such as fear and anxiety. Medical Sciences students, as protagonists of the active research, could be prone to present such manifestations.
Objective: to describe anxiety and fear reactions to COVID-19 in student researchers from Falcón town, Villa Clara.
Methods: a quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive questionnaire-based study was performed in January 2021. The sample consisted of 27 medical student researchers from Falcón town. The results were analyzed using non-parametric statistical tests.
Results: low levels of anxiety were found, while fear obtained balanced results between low and high levels. These manifestations were found mostly in the participants who did not meet people diagnosed with the disease. A significant inverse correlation was noted between age and anxiety variables. Anxiety and fear levels were found to be inversely related to meeting a person diagnosed with COVID-19. A positive and direct correlation between fear and anxiety was highlighted.
Conclusions: the current investigation constituted an approach to the mental health status of medical students linked to the active research. One of the research strengths lies in the use of instruments developed to assess psychological reactions specifically related to COVID-19. Similar studies should be carried out in older populations, which would allow the results to be generalized.


REFERENCES

  1. Xiang YT, Yang Y, Li W, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Cheung T, et al. Timely mental health care for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak is urgently needed. Lancet Psychiatry [internet]. 2020 Mar. [citado 4 ene. 2021];7(3):[aprox. 228-229. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32032543/

  2. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho CS, et al. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health [internet]. 2020 [citado 8 ene. 2021];17(5):[aprox. 13 p.]. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32155789/

  3. Cuba: El mapa del coronavirus, casos reportados en tiempo real por países [internet]. La Habana: Directorio Cubano; 2021 [citado 6 feb. 2021]. Disponible en: https://www.directoriocubano.info/cuba-mapa-coronavirus/#content

  4. Cuba. Ministerio de Salud Pública. Coronavirus en Cuba. Parte de cierre del día 30 de enero a las 12 de la noche [internet]. La Habana: MINSAP; 30 ene. 2021 [citado 19 jun. 2021]. Disponible en: https://salud.msp.gob.cu/parte-de-cierre-del-dia-30-de-enero-a-las-12-de-la-noche/

  5. Lorenzo Ruiz A, Díaz Arcaño K, Zaldívar Pérez D. La Psicología como ciencia en el afrontamiento a la COVID-19: apuntes generales. An Acad Cienc Cuba [internet]. 2020 [citado 28 ene. 2021];10(2):[aprox. 5 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.revistaccuba.cu/index.php/revacc/article/view/839

  6. Ribot VC, Chang N, González AL. Efectos de la COVID-19 en la salud mental de la población. Rev Haban Cienc Méd [internet]. 2020 [citado 12 ene. 2021];19(Supl.):[aprox. 11 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.revhabanera.sld.cu/index.php/rhab/article/view/3307/2576

  7. Quezada-Scholz VE. Miedo y psicopatología: la amenaza que oculta el Covid-19. Cuad Neuropsicol [internet]. 2020 [citado 20 ene. 2021];14(1):[aprox. 5 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.cnps.cl/index.php/cnps/article/view/394

  8. Pakpour AH, Griffiths MD. The fear of COVID-19 and its role in preventive behaviors. J Concurrent Disord [internet]. 2020 [citado 23 ene. 2021];2(1):[aprox. 6 p.]. Disponible en: https://concurrentdisorders.ca/2020/04/03/the-fear-of-covid-19-and-its-role-in-preventive-behaviors/

  9. Harper CA, Satchell LP, Fido D, Latzman RD. Functional fear predicts public health compliance in the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Ment Health Addict [internet]. 2020 [citado 29 ene. 2021]. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7185265/

  10. Addo PC, Jiaming F, Bakabbey Kulbo N, Liangqiang L. COVID-19: fear appeal favoring purchase behavior towards personal protective equipment. Serv Ind J [internet]. 2020 [citado 3 feb. 2021];40(7-8):[aprox. 20 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02642069.2020.1751823

  11. Broche-Pérez Y, Fernández-Fleites Z, Jiménez-Puig E, Fernández-Castillo E, Rodríguez-Martin BC. Gender and Fear of COVID-19 in a Cuban Population Sample. Int J Ment Health Addict [internet]. 2020 [citado 3 feb. 2021]. Disponible en: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11469-020-00343-8

  12. Lee SA, Mathis AA, Jobe MC, Pappalardo EA. Clinically significant fear and anxiety of COVID-19: A psychometric examination of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Psychiatr Res [internet]. 2020 [citado 28 ene. 2021];290:[aprox. 8 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S016517812030740X?via%3Dihub

  13. Lee SA. Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety. Death Stud [internet]. 2020 [citado 28 ene. 2021];44(7):[aprox. 9 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07481187.2020.1748481

  14. Hernández Rodríguez J. Impacto de la COVID-19 sobre la salud mental de las personas. Medicent Electrón [internet]. jul.-sep. 2020 [citado 29 ene. 2021];24(3):[aprox. 17 p.]. Disponible en: http://medicentro.sld.cu/index.php/medicentro/article/view/3203/2588

  15. Salari N, Hosseinian-Far A, Jalali R, Vaisi-Raygani A, Rasoulpoor S, Mohammadi M, et al. Prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Global Health [internet]. 2020 [citado 10 ene. 2021];57:[aprox. 11 p.]. Disponible en: https://globalizationandhealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12992-020-00589-w?fbclid=IwAR1IsBbTX9f8g1bMRjVR2hoscN6QQEGuPK0IQNaqBht80gi0hQ_9KtuAXTA

  16. Huang Y, Zhao N. Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: A web-based cross-sectional survey. J Psychiatr Res. 2020;288:112954.

  17. Cao W, Fang Z, Hou G, Han M, Xu X, Dong J, et al. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. J Psychiatr Res. 2020;287:112934.

  18. Gao J, Zheng P, Jia Y, Chen H, Mao Y, Chen S, et al. Mental health problems and social media exposure during COVID-19 outbreak. PLOS One. 2020;15(4):e0231924.

  19. Moghanibashi-Mansourieh A. Assessing the anxiety level of Iranian general population during COVID-19 outbreak. Asian J Psychiatr. 2020;51:102076.

  20. Cabrera Cruz N, Toledo Fernández AM. Los estudios de pesquisa activa en Cuba. Rev Cubana Salud Pública [internet]. 2008 [citado 1 ene. 2021];34(1):[aprox. 10 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.scielosp.org/article/rcsp/2008.v34n1/10.1590/S0864-34662008000100015/

  21. González Capdevila O, Botello Ramírez E. Protagonismo de los estudiantes de las ciencias médicas en el enfrentamiento a la COVID-19. Medicent Electrón [internet]. 2020 [citado 29 ene. 2021];24(3):[aprox. 4 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.medicentro.sld.cu/index.php/medicentro/article/view/3226/2611. OK

  22. Departamento de Estadística. Informe estadístico. Villla Clara: Policlínico Falcón; 2021.

  23. Huarcaya-Victoria J. Consideraciones sobre la salud mental en la pandemia de COVID-19. Rev Peruana Med Exp Salud Pública [internet]. 2020 [citado 28 ene. 2021];37(2):[aprox. 8 p.]. Disponible en: https://rpmesp.ins.gob.pe/index.php/rpmesp/article/view/5419

  24. Aquino CR, Ospina RF. Estudiantes de medicina en tiempos de la COVID-19. Educ Méd Super [internet]. 2020 [citado 3 feb. 2021];34(2):[aprox. 6 p.]. Disponible en: https://ems.sld.cu/index.php/ems/article/view/2339/973

  25. Rodríguez S, Marcano A, Hidalgo M, Sánchez Y, Martínez FY, García D. Comportamiento de los estudiantes de Ciencias Médicas ante la pesquisa activa durante la COVID-19. 16 de Abril [internet]. 2020 [citado 10 ene. 2021];59(277):[aprox. 8 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.medigraphic.com/cgi-bin/new/resumen.cgi?IDARTICULO=95348&id2

  26. Pérez MR, Gómez JJ, Tamayo O, Iparraguirre AE, Besteiro ED. Alteraciones psicológicas en estudiantes de medicina durante la pesquisa activa de la COVID-19. MEDISAN [internet]. 2020 [citado 23 ene. 2021];24(4):[aprox. 12 p.]. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1029-30192020000400537

  27. Espinosa Y, Mesa D, Díaz Y, Caraballo L, Mesa MÁ. Estudio del impacto psicológico de la COVID-19 en estudiantes de Ciencias Médicas, Los Palacios. Rev Cubana Salud Pública [internet]. 2020 [citado 30 ene. 2021];46(Supl. Especial):[aprox. 17 p.]. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0864-34662020000500006

  28. León OG, Montero I. Métodos de investigación en Psicología y Educación. Las tradiciones cuantitativa y cualitativa. 4.a ed. [internet]. Madrid: McGraw Hill; 2015 [citado 30 ene. 2021]. Disponible en: https://www.librosuned.com/LU14693/M%C3%A9todos-de-investigaci%C3%B3n-en-psicolog%C3%ADa-y-educaci%C3%B3n--Las-tradiciones-cuantitativa-y-cualitativa.aspx

  29. Kawasi Ahorsu D, Lin CY, Imani V, Saffari M, Griffiths MD, Pakpour AH. The fear of COVID-19 Scale: Development and initial validation. Int J Ment Health Addict [internet]. 2020 Mar. 27 [citado 3 feb. 2021]. Disponible en: https://rd.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11469-020-00270-8

  30. Broche-Pérez Y, Fernández-Castillo E, Fernández-Fleites Z, Jiménez-Puig E, Vizcaíno-Escobar A, Ferrer-Lozano D, et al. Adaptation of the Cuban version of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Death Stud [internet]. 2020 Dec. 4 [citado 3 feb. 2021]. Disponible en: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07481187.2020.1855610

  31. Field A. Discovering Statistics using SPSS (and sex, and drugs, and rock'n'roll) [internet]. London: SAGE Publications; 2009 [citado 6 dic. 2019]. Disponible en: https://books.google.com.cu/books/about/Discovering_Statistics_Using_SPSS.html?id=sGM7QQAACAAJ&redir_esc=y

  32. Asmundson GJG, Taylor S. How health anxiety influences responses to viral outbreaks like COVID-19: What all decision-makers, health authorities, and health care professionals need to know. J Anxiety Disord [internet]. 2020 Mar. [citado 3 feb. 2021];71:[aprox. 4 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7271220/

  33. Qiu J, Shen B, Zhao M, Wang Z, Xie B, Xu Y. A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations. Gen Psychiatr [internet]. 2020 Mar. 6 [citado 23 ene. 2021];33(2):[aprox. 7 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7061893/

  34. Johnson MC, Saletti-Cuesta L, Tumas N. Emociones, preocupaciones y reflexiones frente a la pandemia del COVID-19 en Argentina. Ciênc Saúde Colet [internet]. 5 jun. 2020 [citado 28 ene. 2021];25(Supl. 1):[aprox. 10 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.scielosp.org/article/csc/2020.v25suppl1/2447-2456/es/

  35. Ozamiz-Etxebarria N, Dosil-Santamaria M, Picaza-Gorrochategui M, Idoiaga-Mondragon N. Niveles de estrés, ansiedad y depresión en la primera fase del brote del COVID-19 en una muestra recogida en el norte de España. Cad Saúde Pública [internet]. 30 abr. 2020 [citado 23 ene. 2021];36(4):[aprox. 7 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.scielosp.org/article/csp/2020.v36n4/e00054020/es/

  36. Asmundson GJG, Taylor S. Coronaphobia: Fear and the 2019-nCoV outbreak. J Anxiety Disord [internet]. 2020 Feb. 10 [citado 3 feb. 2021];70:[aprox. 6 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7134790/

  37. Zhou SJ, Zhang LG, Wang LL, Guo ZC, Wang JQ, Chen JC, et al. Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of psychological health problems in Chinese adolescents during the outbreak of COVID-19. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry [internet]. 2020 May 3 [citado 4 ene. 2021];29:[aprox. 10 p.]. Disponible en: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00787-020-01541-4

  38. Bao Y, Sun Y, Meng S, Shi J, Lu L. 2019-nCoV epidemic: address mental health care to empower society. Lancet [internet]. 2020 Feb. 22 [citado 1 ene. 2021];395(10224):[aprox. 2 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30309-3/fulltext?utm_campaign=tlcoronavirus20&utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=social

  39. McNally JW, Lavender KM, Levenstein MC. ICPSR Working Paper 2: Best Practices for measuring the social, behavioral, and economic impact of epidemics. United States: ICPRS University of Michigan; 2020 [citado 3 feb. 2021]. Disponible en: https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/154682/Best%20Practices%20Measuring%20Impact%20of%20Epidemics%20Version%20April%203%2c%202020.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com