Juárez-Rivera ZB, Alexander-Aguilera A, Hernández-Romano PA, Santiesteban-González S

Language: Spanish
References: 12
Page: 54-60
PDF size: 314.20 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: the use of convalescent plasma for the treatment of severe COVID-19 has a positive impact on the recovery of patients in phase III. However, to obtain it, it must have special characteristics independent of those indicated in NOM-253-SSA1-2012, For the disposal of human blood and its components for therapeutic purposes; such as: age, gender, number of pregnancies and abortions, the determination of the serological profile is a fundamental and mandatory criterion, in addition, they must present IgG and IgM anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies capable of neutralizing the virus. Objective: to determine the percentage of the serological profile and the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in blood donors with or without vaccines who come to the State Center for Blood Transfusion in Veracruz to find out if they are candidates to donate convalescent plasma as a probable COVID-19 treatment. Material and methods: 95 donors were selected to carry out the study, whose samples were analyzed with a serological profile with ARCHITECT i2000SR and Certum Diagnostics for lateral flow immunochromatography, IgG and IgM were determined. Results: serological negativity 91.57%, after that, using the kit, taking into account that 61% had a vaccine against COVID-19, while 39% said they did not have a vaccine. Of the vaccinated donors, 83% presented IgG, while those that did not, 81% presented IgG and 14% presented both IgG and IgM, the result of a recent infection, 5% of the population did not present antibodies. With respect to age, 85.26% between 18 and 50 years old, in addition, the female population corresponds to 26.30% of the total population, and pregnant women or women with abortions were deferred, resulting in 24%; therefore, 80% meet the requirements to be a convalescent plasma donor. Conclusion: the percentages obtained in this study allow us to determine that donors who come to the Veracruz State Center for Blood Transfusion are suitable to donate convalescent plasma as a therapeutic alternative for patients with COVID-19.

REFERENCES

1. NORMA Oficial Mexicana NOM-253-SSA1-2012, Para la disposición de sangre humana y sus componentes con fines terapéuticos. Tercera sección. Poder Ejecutivo. Secretaría de Salud; 2012.

2. Rodríguez-Venegas EC, Fontaine-Ortiz JE, Ávila-Cabreja JA. El plasma de convalecientes como un tratamiento potencial en pacientes con COVID-19. Rev Cuba Invest Bioméd. 2021; 40 (1): e893.

3. Secretaría de Salud desarrolla protocolo sobre posible uso de plasma convaleciente para tratar pacientes graves con COVID-19 [Internet]. Gobierno de México. 2020 [citado 28 abril 2022]. Disponible en: https://www.gob.mx/salud/prensa/133-secretaria-de-salud-desarrolla-protocolo-sobre-posible-uso-de-plasma-convaleciente-para-tratar-pacientes-graves-con-covid-19

4. Prueba rápida de 2019-nCoV IgG/IgM en Casete. Ficha técnica. Kabla Comercial. 2020.

5. Durán MN, Botello RE. Detección de conglomerados "activos" emergentes de altas tasas de incidencia, para la vigilancia rápida de la COVID-19. Medicentro. 2020; 24 (3): 643-656.

6. Amory Zambrano GO, Oliveros Sandoval CA. Validación de las pruebas serológicas a través de las pruebas NAT en la detección de infecciones virales en posibles donantes de sangre de 18 a 60 años del banco de sangre del hospital Omni Hospital en el periodo 2017 a 2020 [Tesis]. Ecuador: Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil; 2021.

7. Mantilla-Gutiérrez C, Cardona-Arias J. Meta-análisis: prevalencia de deficiencia de hierro en donantes de sangre repetitivos y asociación con sexo, 2001-2011. Rev Cuba Hematol Inmunol Hemoter. 2012; 29 (1): 59-72.

8. Maldonado Triminio JO. Caracterización de donadores seropositivos por Trypanosoma cruzi y su manejo, Banco de Sangre, Hospital Escuela, Tegucigalpa, 2016. Rev Méd Hondur. 2019; 87 (1): 7-11.

9. Hernández-Romano P, Cámara-Contreras M, Bravo-Sarmiento E, López-Balderas N. Prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies in blood donors from Veracruz State, Mexico. Transfusion. 2015; 55 (3): 647-656.

10. Lopez-Balderas N, Bravo E, Camara M, Hernandez-Romano P. Seroprevalence of hepatitis viruses and risk factors in blood donors of Veracruz, Mexico. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2015; 9 (3): 274-282.

11. Becerra A, Trujillo G, Sánchez GL. Uso de pruebas de diagnóstico rápido en la selección de donantes de plasma convaleciente Covid-19. OC. 2020; 5 (2): 53-63.

12. Nina García NM, Cussi Coronel GA. Uso de plasma convaleciente en pacientes con COVID-19. Gac Med Bol. 2020; 43 (1): 80-85.