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2022, Number 3

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Rev Cubana Cardiol Cir Cardiovasc 2022; 28 (3)

Facial dimorphism as a predictor of congenital heart valve disease in human fetuses

Zaldivar GI, Linares GEM, Licourt OD

Language: Spanish
References: 16
Page: 1-6
PDF size: 819.85 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: The connection between craniofacial and cardiac development was discovered more than two decades ago, when the involvement of neural crest cells in the formation of the face and heart was demonstrated. This strong relationship between the different processes of embryonic development has been the starting point for this research.
Objective: Develop a predictive model of congenital valvular defects, based on facial dysmorphism in human fetuses.
Methods: An analytical and cross-sectional observational investigation was carried out on 60 human fetuses, products of pregnancy interruptions, who underwent, during autopsy, the measurement of facial structures and the study of heart valves. For inferential statistics, tests based on the Chi-square distribution were applied. The strength of the association was estimated by calculating the corresponding odds ratio). In addition, multivariate analysis, specifically binary logistic regression, was used as an instrument of association.
Results: It was observed that the dysmorphic facial profile was the most frequent dysmorphia (71.67%); 41.7% of the cases studied were carriers of a valve defect, more frequently in females; mouth dysmorphia showed higher probability (9.85 times higher) of having a congenital valve defect. Sex and gestational age increased the ability to predict the presence of congenital valve disease from the existence of fetal dysmorphia in the mouth and jaw.
Conclusions: It is concluded that mouth and jaw dysmorphisms can be considered predictors of congenital valve disease in the sample studied.


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