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2025, Number 2

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Acta Med 2025; 23 (2)

Progression of AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma as part of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

Pérez AL, Juárez MP, Ramón CCJ
Full text How to cite this article 10.35366/119491

DOI

DOI: 10.35366/119491
URL: https://dx.doi.org/10.35366/119491

Language: Spanish
References: 6
Page: 192-194
PDF size: 186.98 Kb.


Key words:

Kaposi sarcoma, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, HIV infections, CD4 lymphocyte count, antiretroviral therapy highly active.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a malignant angiomatous tumor of mucocutaneous involvement associated with HIV. It presents with less than 200 CD4 lymphocytes. Clinical case: a 40-year-old HIV-positive man with KS at diagnosis who abandons antiretroviral treatment (ART). Four years later, the patient presented a progression of skin lesions to the thighs and genitals after restarting ART. Conclusion: Immune reconstitution syndrome (IRIS) consists of the paradoxical activation or worsening of latent opportunistic infections while improving the immunological situation. The incidence of KS associated with IRIS is 7%. Treatment consists of maintaining ART and adding chemotherapy in severe cases.


REFERENCES

  1. Poizot-Martin I, Brégigeon S, Palich R, Marcelin AG, Valantin MA, Solas C et al. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated Kaposi sarcoma. Cancers (Basel). 2022; 14 (4): 986.

  2. Bower M, Nelson M, Young AM, Thirlwell C, Newsom-Davis T, Mandalia S et al. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated with Kaposi's sarcoma. J Clin Oncol. 2005; 23 (22): 5224-5228.

  3. Reyes Corcho A, Bouza Jiménez Y. Síndrome de reconstitución inmunológica asociado al virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana y sida. Estado del arte. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2010; 28(2): 110-121.

  4. Nyirenda M, Ngongondo M, Kang M, Umbleja T, Krown SE, Godfrey C et al. Early progression and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome during treatment of mild-to-moderate Kaposi sarcoma in Sub-Saharan Africa and South America: incidence, long-term outcomes, and effects of early chemotherapy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2020; 84 (4): 422-429.

  5. Müller M, Wandel S, Colebunders R, Attia S, Furrer H, Egger M et al. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in patients starting antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010; 10 (4): 251-261.

  6. Fernández-Sánchez M, Iglesias MC, Ablanedo-Terrazas Y, Ormsby CE, Alvarado-de la Barrera C, Reyes-Terán G. Steroids are a risk factor for Kaposi's sarcoma-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and mortality in HIV infection. AIDS. 2016; 30 (6): 909-914.




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Acta Med. 2025;23