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Asociación Colombiana de Otorrinolaringología y Cirugía de Cabeza y cuello, Maxilofacial y Estética Facial (ACORL)

2024, Number 4

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Acta de Otorrinolaringología CCC 2024; 52 (4)

Guide for the diagnosis and treatment of acute bacterial pharyngotonsillitis

Romero-Moreno LF, García-Torres N, Izquierdo-Velásquez JC, Hernández-Rodríguez DC

Language: Spanish
References: 29
Page: 533-555
PDF size: 672.05 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Acute pharyngotonsillitis is one of the most common diseases in childhood and early adulthood. It is defined as inflammation of the pharynx and tonsils lasting less than 7 days, accompanied by fever, odynophagia, dysphagia, and general discomfort. Its most frequent etiology is viral; however, it is crucial to early identify a possible bacterial cause to initiate prompt and appropriate antibiotic treatment, thus reducing the risk of complications. Methodology: The guideline was updated using a methodology of adaptation, development, and updating. Its methodological quality was assessed using the AGREE II method, and systematic reviews were evaluated with AMSTAR-2, achieving high or moderate confidence ratings. Results: The use of validated clinical scoring systems is recommended for all patients with acute pharyngotonsillitis of infectious origin to determine the need for early and appropriate antibiotic therapy. Laboratory tests or imaging studies are not recommended for uncomplicated bacterial acute pharyngotonsillitis. A correct and complete medical treatment should be prescribed to reduce complications and bacterial resistance. Conclusions: Proper diagnosis and treatment of bacterial acute pharyngotonsillitis decrease the risk of complications and help reduce antibiotic resistance rates in our country.


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