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2025, Number 1

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Acta Pediatr Mex 2025; 46 (1)

Main causes of mortality in the neonatal intensive care unit

Urquiza TG, Iglesias LJ, Bernárdez ZI, Ramírez HJ

Language: Spanish
References: 24
Page: 13-23
PDF size: 222.28 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Neonatal mortality rates persistently exceed those of developed countries. Significant advancements in neonatology and the allocation of adequate resources have contributed to a reduction in neonatal mortality.
Objective: The primary aim of this study is to delineate the principal causes of mortality among neonates receiving care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at a tertiary-level private hospital during the period spanning from 2005 to 2021.
Materials and Methods: Retrospective, observational, descriptive, and longitudinal analysis. It involves a comprehensive evaluation of live-born neonates who were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and subsequently succumbed between the years 2005 and 2021.
Results: Sepsis emerges as the foremost cause of mortality, with an incidence rate of 13.63, followed by necrotizing enterocolitis, which is the secondary cause with an incidence rate of 4.4. Additional contributory factors include congenital malformations, cerebral hemorrhages, and perinatal asphyxia.
Conclusion: Notable progress has been made in reducing neonatal mortality within our pediatric intensive care unit over recent years. Nonetheless, it is imperative that we remain attentive to opportunities for enhancing the quality of care offered to these hospitalized patients within our nation. Numerous areas warrant further improvement, allowing us to optimize our approach and ultimately achieve even greater efficacy in neonatal care.


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